Many Type II supernovae (SNe) show hot early (~30 days) emission, and a diversity in their light curves extending from the Type IIP to the Type IIL, which can be explained by interaction with dense and confined circumstellar material (CSM). We perform hydrodynamical simulations of red supergiants to model the ejection of CSM caused by wave heating ...
Half-harmonic generation is the inverse of second-harmonic generation. This talk overviews the concept, and how it is used for mid-IR frequency combs for molecular spectroscopy, and optical Ising machines, which can enable special-purpose nonclassical computing.
The dip angles of slabs are among the clearest characteristics of subduction zones, but the factors that control them remain obscure. Here slab dip angles and subduction parameters, including subduction duration, the nature of the overriding plate, slab age and convergence rate, are determined for 153 transects along subduction zones for the presen...
A complex microbiota inhabits various microenvironments of the gut, with some symbiotic bacteria having evolved traits to invade the epithelial mucus layer and reside deep within the intestinal tissue of animals. Whether these distinct bacterial communities across gut biogeographies exhibit divergent behaviours is largely unknown. Global transcript...
Most of our waking time as human beings is spent interacting with other individuals. In order to make good decisions in this social milieu, it is often necessary to make inferences about the internal states, traits and intentions of others. Recently, some progress has been made to uncover the neural computations underlying human social decision-mak...
The Ediacara biota represents the first complex macroscopic organisms in the geological record, foreshadowing the radiation of eumetazoan animals in the Cambrian explosion. However, little is known about the contingencies that lead to their emergence, including the possible roles of nutrient availability and the quality of food sources. Here we pre...
It has long been suspected that tidal forces in close binary stars could modify the orientation of the pulsation axis of the constituent stars. Such stars have been searched for, but until now never detected. Here we report the discovery of tidally trapped pulsations in the ellipsoidal variable HD 74423 in Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TES...
Nuclear compartments play diverse roles in regulating gene expression, yet the molecular forces and components driving compartment formation are not well understood. Studying how the lncRNA Xist establishes the inactive-X-chromosome (Xi)-compartment, we found that the Xist RNA-binding-proteins PTBP1, MATR3, TDP43, and CELF1 form a condensate to cre...
We report a single-shot surface three-dimensional (3-D) imaging method that uses optical coherence as a contrast mechanism to acquire the vertical (z-direction) information of an object. The illumination of the imaging system comes from a light source with the optical coherence length similar to the depth of field (DoF) of the optical system. Holog...
Tuning the macroscopic dielectric response on demand holds potential for actively tunable metaphotonics and optical devices. In recent years, graphene has been extensively investigated as a tunable element in nanophotonics. Significant theoretical work has been devoted on the tuning the hyperbolic properties of graphene/dielectric heterostructures,...
