Testing of comfort-related characteristics at IFP Research
IFP Research
Solving Heterogeneous-agent Models with Parameterized Cross-sectional Distributions
A new algorithm is developed to solve models with heterogeneous agents and aggregate uncertainty that avoids some disadvantages of the prevailing algorithm that strongly relies on simulation techniques and is easier to implement than existing algorithms. A key aspect of the algorithm is a new procedure that parameterizes the cross-sectional distrib...
Canopy spectral invariants for remote sensing and model applications
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The concept of canopy spectral invariants expresses the observation that simple algebraic combinations of leaf and canopy spectral transmittance and reflectance become wavelength independent and determine a small set of canopy structure specific variables. This set includes the canopy interceptance, the recollision and the escape probabilities. The...
Impact of climate change on low-flows in the river Meuse
In this study observed precipitation, temperature, and discharge records from the Meuse basin for the period 1911-2003 are analysed. The primary aim is to establish which meteorological conditions generate (critical) low-flows of the Meuse. This is achieved by examining the relationships between observed seasonal precipitation and temperature anoma...
Functional product innovation - Reaping the benefits of simulation driven design
Innovations are crucial to companies’ competitive strength. Functional Product Development (FPD) is a base for a Functional Product Innovation vision, aiming for a new way to design, develop and sell physical products. The purpose in this paper is to discuss relations between the development process for these products, called FPD, and a simulation-...
First order simulations on time measurements using inorganic scintillators for PET applications
The random spread model
The paper proposes the new stochastic model of a Random Spread for describing the spatial propagation of sequential events such as forest fires. A Random Spread is double Markov chain, whose each step is a (random) set operator $ eta $ combining a Cox process with a Boolean random closed set. Under iteration, operator $ eta $ provides the time evol...
Buoyant magnetic flux ropes in a magnetized stellar envelope: Idealized numerical 2.5-D MHD simulations
Context: The context of this paper is buoyant toroidal magnetic flux ropes, which is a part of flux tube dynamo theory and the framework of solar-like magnetic activity. Aims: The aim is to investigate how twisted magnetic flux ropes interact with a simple magnetized stellar model envelope--a magnetic "convection zone"--especially to examine how th...
A Model of the French Pension Reserve Fund: What Could be the Optimal Contribution Path Rate?
Current and expected demographic and economic trends are likely to jeopardise the financial sustainability of the French retirement pension scheme which mostly relies on a pay-as-you-go basis. In 1999, the French government set up a Pension Reserve Fund (Fonds de réserve pour les retraites, FRR) whose main objective was to introduce some public fun...
The role of atmospheric boundary layer-surface interactions on the development of coastal fronts
Frictional convergence and thermal difference between land and sea surface are the two surface conditions that govern the intensity and evolution of a coastal front. By means of the mesoscale model MM5, we investigate the influence of these two processes on wind patterns, temperature and precipitation amounts, associated with a coastal front, obser...
