The microbial ecosystem of the female urogenital tract is composed of many niche microenvironments across multiple organ systems in the urinary and reproductive tract. It is complex and contains a variety of bacteria, archaea, viruses, yeast, and protozoa—Many of which are still unidentified or whose functionality is unknown. Unlike the gut microbi...
Published in Frontiers in Immunology
Pregnancy is a complex but well-arranged process, and a healthy fetus requires immune privilege and surveillance in the presence of paternally derived antigens. Maternal and fetal cells interact at the maternal–fetal interface. The upregulation and downregulation of maternal immunity executed by the leukocyte population predominantly depend on the ...
Published in Frontiers for Young Minds
Bacteria live almost everywhere on earth, even within and outside animals, including insects and ourselves. Some bacteria help us digest our food, but others do harm and cause infections and illness. If we are injured, bacteria from the outside can enter our bodies through our wounds. The body will then fight against the incoming bacteria and this ...
Published in Frontiers in Immunology
During wounding, tissues are disrupted so that bacteria can easily enter the host and trigger a host response. Both the host response and bacterial communication can occur through quorum sensing (QS) and quorum sensing inhibition (QSI). Here, we characterize the effect of wounding on the host-associated bacterial community of the bed bug. This is a...
