Published in Atmospheric Environment (1967)
A surface depletion model was adapted to include reaction and reflection against an inversion layer. The model was applied to calculate the horizontal and vertical concentration gradients in a moorland area adjacent to an area with a high emission density. The horizontal concentration gradient in this area was also measured and showed the same shap...
Published in Atmospheric Environment (1967)
A reassessment of an earlier NH 3 emission estimation for the G.D.R. is carried out. The total emission has been estimated to be 350 kt NH 3-Na −1 whereas the uncertainty amounts to some 40%. The emission increased from 1950 to 1975 by 65% and has remained constant since 1975. In our opinion the recently established European NH 3 emissions may be t...
Published in Atmospheric Environment (1967)
A multiple regression model is introduced to describe temporal variations in precipitation chemistry data. The model considers the effects of the annual cycle, a linear trend and precipitation-quantity simultaneously. The paper discusses the application of the model to concentrations and depositions of hydronium, ammonium, nitrate and sulfate for m...
Published in Atmospheric Environment (1967)
A survey of historical ammonia (NH 3) emissions is presented for individual European countries (excl. the U.S.S.R. and Turkey). From 1870 to 1980 the annual total NH 3 emission from livestock wastes, fertilizer application and the fertilizer industry has increased from 2.2 to 4.7 Mt of NH 3. A Lagrangian long-range transport model is used to calcul...
Published in Atmospheric Environment (1967)
Ground-level concentrations of NH 3 and NH 4 + have been measured at 19 sites within a 35-km radius of Colchester, U.K., over a period of 17 months. Spatial variations in NH 3 are related to local sources, with livestock farming causing pronounced elevations in concentration in the locality. Seasonal variations are evident, with highest concentrati...
Published in The New phytologist
Maize plants (Zea mays L. cv. R201) were grown to 21 d in pH-controlled gravel culture with 2 mM inorganic N supplied as nitrate alone, ammonium alone or 1:1 nitrate + ammonium. At 21 d, the 14 N feeding solutions were replaced with 15 N solutions, and xylem sap collections were made 4 and 8 h after the commencement of feeding. Leaf and root materi...
Published in Atmospheric Environment (1967)
In order to assess concentrations and daily patterns of air pollutants at a mountainous site in the South Coast Air Basin, a study was undertaken in the San Dimas Experimental Forest of the San Gabriel Mountains between April 1985 and October 1985. Continuous monitoring of O 3, NO, NO 2, SO 2, total S compounds and light scattering coefficient was ...
Published in Atmospheric Environment (1967)
This paper reviews available data on ammonia (NH 3) emission and other parameters used in the model, viz. dry deposition velocities, scavenging coefficients and the pseudo-first order reaction rate. There are some striking differences in emission and subsequent behaviour of NH 3 and sulphur dioxide (SO 2). NH 3 is predominantly emitted near or at g...
Published in Atmospheric Environment (1967)
An automatic rain gauge has been developed, capable of collecting rainwater and analysing it continuously for the ions H +, NH 4 +, Na +, Ca 2+, NO 3 −, Cl −, SO 4 2− and for dissolved H 2O 2. The wet-only rain collector, based on an inverting V-tray arrangement, is mounted on the roof of a small caravan, which contains the analysis equipment. An i...
