Published in Immunologic Research
HIV-1 gp41-like human type I interferon (IFN) could inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and up-modulate MHC class I and II and ICAM-1 molecule expression. Sequence comparison indicates that asimil are pitope RILAV-YLKD exists between N-domain of gp41 and two regions in IFN-α (aa29–35 and 113–129), IFN-β (aa31–37 and 125–138) and IFN-ω(aa29–35 and 123–...
Published in Microbes and infection
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus responsible for acute febrile arthralgia. It re-emerged abruptly in 2005 and caused a massive outbreak in the Indian Ocean region, and then extended to Asia. Here we review the pathophysiology of CHIKV infection, based on human and mouse studies, and also present prospects for prevention and therapy of this...
Published in Current Rheumatology Reports
We propose that a recent change in the conception of the role of type 1 interferon and the identification of adventitial stem cells suggests a unifying hypothesis for scleroderma. This hypothesis begins with vasospasm. Vasospasm is fully reversible unless, as proposed here, the resulting ischemia leads to apoptosis and activation of type 1 interfer...
Published in BMC Genomics
BackgroundEpidemiological studies have suggested that the encounter with commensal microorganisms during the neonatal period is essential for normal development of the host immune system. Basic research involving gnotobiotic mice has demonstrated that colonization at the age of 5 weeks is too late to reconstitute normal immune function. In this stu...
Published in BMC Medical Genomics
BackgroundLeukocyte infiltration plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of myositis, and is highly associated with disease severity. Currently, there is a lack of: efficacious therapies for myositis; understanding of the molecular features important for disease pathogenesis; and potential molecular biomarkers for characterizing...
Published in Retrovirology
BackgroundFollowing mucosal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission, type 1 interferons (IFNs) are rapidly induced at sites of initial virus replication in the mucosa and draining lymph nodes. However, the role played by IFN-stimulated antiviral activity in restricting HIV-1 replication during the initial stages of infection is not...
Published in Oncoimmunology
Cyclophosphamide, within well-defined therapeutic regimens, increases the antineoplastic effects of immunotherapy. We have recently identified multiple factors and mechanisms that underlie the paradoxical synergy between these two treatment modalities. In particular, we found that cyclophosphamide stimulates anticancer immune responses upon the per...
Published in Genes & Nutrition
There is growing interest in the potential health benefits of diets that involve regular periods of fasting. While animal studies have provided compelling evidence that feeding patterns such as alternate-day fasting can increase longevity and reduce incidence of many chronic diseases, the evidence from human studies is much more limited and equivoc...
Published in Biochemical and biophysical research communications
Adenovirus vector is one of the most widely used vectors in gene therapy applications for the treatment of diverse human diseases including cancer. In this study, we showed that infection with E1E3-deleted recombinant human adenovirus serotype 5 reduced human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA levels in hepatoma cell lines. We defined th...
Published in Diabetologia
Viruses are considered to be potential key modulators of type 1 diabetes mellitus, with several possible mechanisms proposed for their modes of action. Here we discuss the evidence for virus involvement, including pancreatic infection and the induction of T cell-mediated molecular mimicry. A particular focus of this review is the further possibilit...
