Prior studies have noted several risk and protective factors for school dropout; however, only a few have examined longer-term vulnerabilities alongside temporary risk and protective factors. Consequently, we focused on the role that both stable and time-varying psychosocial risk and protective factors play in dropout intentions and actual dropout,...
By investigating risk and protective factors from multiple psychological theories in combination, this innovative research found a sense of belonging and accomplishment to be the strongest predictors of higher mental wellbeing and lower depression and anxiety symptoms, with substantial differences between generations. The family study identified th...
Background - The aim of this paper is to investigate the causality of the inverse association between cigarette smoking and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The main suggested alternatives include a delaying effect of smoking, reverse causality, or an unmeasured confounding related to a low-risk taking personality trait. Methods - A total of 715 incident ...
BACKGROUND:Current guidelines suggest treatment for many individuals who may never develop a stroke. We hypothesized that a combination of coronary artery calcification (CAC) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (C IMT) data could better individualize risk assessment for ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack events. METHODS:A total of ...
BACKGROUND:Experimental and clinical evidence implicates testosterone in the aetiology of prostate cancer. Variation across the normal range of circulating free testosterone concentrations may not lead to changes in prostate biology, unless circulating concentrations are low. This may also apply to prostate cancer risk, but this has not been invest...
Published in Journal of child & adolescent substance abuse
Youth experiencing homelessness are at high risk for frequent substance use. This study examines individual, interpersonal, and contextual factors associated with substance use among such youth, age 13-24. Data were collected through computer-assisted structured interviews with participants (N=474) recruited at service agencies in Los Angeles. Yout...
Abstract: Active-living-friendly environments have been linked to physical activity, but their relationships with specific markers of cardiometabolic health remain unclear. We estimated the associations between active-living environments and markers of cardiometabolic health, and explored the potential mediating role of physical activity in these a...
Background: Ambiguity exists in relation to the role of physical activity (PA) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction. We examined the interplay between PA dimensions and more conventional CVD risk factors to assess which PA dimensions were associated with the first CVD event and whether subgroup differences exist. Methods: A total of 1,44...
Background A modal shift to cycling has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and provide health co-benefits. Methods, models, and tools are needed to estimate the potential for cycling uptake and communicate to policy makers the range of impacts this would have. Methods and Findings The Impacts of Cycling Tool (ICT) is an open source m...
Background: Experimental and clinical evidence implicates testosterone in the aetiology of prostate cancer. Variation across the normal range of circulating free testosterone concentrations may not lead to changes in prostate biology, unless circulating concentrations are low. This may also apply to prostate cancer risk, but this has not been inves...
