Ghosh, Borna Tsao, Tzu-Wei Czajkowski, Cynthia
Published in
Neuropharmacology
Pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs) are the targets of several clinical and endogenous allosteric modulators including anesthetics and neurosteroids. Molecular mechanisms underlying allosteric drug modulation are poorly understood. Here, we constructed a chimeric pLGIC by fusing the extracellular domain (ECD) of the proton-activated, cati...
Zatroch, Katie K Knight, Cameron G. Reimer, Julie N. Pang, Daniel S. J.
Published in
BMC Veterinary Research
BackgroundThe Canadian Council on Animal Care and American Veterinary Medical Association classify intraperitoneal (IP) pentobarbital as an acceptable euthanasia method in rats. However, national guidelines do not exist for a recommended dose or volume and IP euthanasia has been described as unreliable, with misinjections leading to variable succes...
Nakatsu, Noriyuki Igarashi, Yoshinobu Aoshi, Taiki Hamaguchi, Isao Saito, Masumichi Mizukami, Takuo Momose, Haruka Ishii, Ken J Yamada, Hiroshi
Published in
The Journal of toxicological sciences
Diethyl ether (ether) had been widely used in Japan for anesthesia, despite its explosive properties and toxicity to both humans and animals. We also had used ether as an anesthetic for euthanizing rats for research in the Toxicogenomics Project (TGP). Because the use of ether for these purposes will likely cease, it is required to select an altern...
Dela Peña, Irene Joy I Kim, Hee Jin de la Peña, June Bryan Kim, Mikyung Botanas, Chrislean Jun You, Kyung Yi Woo, Taeseon Lee, Yong Soo Jung, Jae-Chul Kim, Kyung-Mi
...
Published in
Behavioural brain research
Studies have shown that enzymatic hydrolysis of casein, the primary protein component of cow's milk, produces peptides with various biological activities, and some of these peptides may have sleep-promoting effects. In the present study, we evaluated the sedative and sleep-promoting effects of bovine αS1-casein tryptic hydrolysate (CH), containing ...
Hong, Ki-Bae Park, Yooheon Suh, Hyung Joo
Published in
Behavioural brain research
The aim of this study was to investigate the sleep-promoting effect of combined γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on sleep quality and quantity in vertebrate models. Pentobarbital-induced sleep test and electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis were applied to investigate sleep latency, duration, total sleeping time and sleep qua...
Hangartner, Sarah Steiner, Jasmin Dussy, Franz Moeckli, Regula Gerlach, Kathrin Briellmann, Thomas
Published in
International Journal of Legal Medicine
We present an unusual case of suicide by intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital, an overdose of zolpidem and the intake of diazepam, ethanol and other psychoactive substances. The autopsy and specimen collection were conducted in a 10 to 18 h postmortem interval. The toxicological analysis revealed a significantly higher pentobarbital concentra...
Cha, Hye Jin Choi, Mun-Ji Ahn, Joon-Ik Jeon, Seol-Hee Kang, Hoil Kim, Eun Jung Seong, Won-Keun Kim, Hyung Soo Jeong, Ho-Sang
Published in
Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
The aim of the present study was to compare gene expression profiles in animals treated with abusable drugs. Wistar rats were treated with saline, morphine, chloral hydrate, or pentobarbital twice daily for 14 days. To induce neurotoxicity, a group of rats was treated with kainic acid. 24 hr after withdrawal, and a genome-wide DNA microarray analys...
Hong, Sa-Ik Kwon, Seung-Hwan Hwang, Ji-Young Ma, Shi-Xun Seo, Jee-Yeon Ko, Yong-Hyun Kim, Hyoung-Chun Lee, Seok-Yong Jang, Choon-Gon
Published in
Biomolecules & therapeutics
Sleep, which is an essential part of human life, is modulated by neurotransmitter systems, including gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and dopamine signaling. However, the mechanisms that initiate and maintain sleep remain obscure. In this study, we investigated the relationship between melatonin (MT) and dopamine D2-like receptor signaling in pentoba...
Tong, Leslie M Yoon, Seo Yeon Andrews-Zwilling, Yaisa Yang, Alyssa Lin, Victoria Lei, Hanci Huang, Yadong
Apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) is the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. We previously reported that female apoE4 knock-in (KI) mice had an age-dependent decline in hilar GABAergic interneurons that correlated with the extent of learning and memory deficits, as determin...
Aleman, M Williams, DC Guedes, A Madigan, JE
BackgroundAn overdose of pentobarbital sodium administered i.v. is the most commonly used method of euthanasia in veterinary medicine. Determining death after the infusion relies on the observation of physical variables. However, it is unknown when cortical electrical activity and brainstem function are lost in a sequence of events before death.Hyp...
