The EcoTroph modeling approach was applied to five Mediterranean marine ecosystems to characterize their food webs and investigate their responses to several simulated fishing scenarios. First, EcoTroph was used to synthesize the outputs of five pre-existing heterogeneous Ecopath models in a common framework, and thus to compare different ecosystem...
We developed an ecological model to characterize the structure and functioning of the marine continental shelf and slope area of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, from Toulon to Cape La Nao (NWM model), in the early 2000s. The model included previously modeled areas in the NW Mediterranean (the Gulf of Lions and the Southern Catalan Sea) and expa...
Understanding how external pressures impact ecosystem structure and functioning is essential for ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management. We quantified the relative effects of fisheries exploitation and environmental conditions on ecological indicators derived from two different data sources, fisheries catch data (catch-based) and fisher...
Dans les tribus kanak du Grand-Sud de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, les pratiques et savoirs relatifs à l'agriculture et à la pêche sont extrêmement liés, avec encore aujourd'hui une importante utilisation des « indicateurs écologiques » terrestres et marins pour les activités vivrières. Depuis quelques années, la région connait un développement industrie...
Le lac Tchad est unique à maints égards : vestige d'une localisation des cultures de décrue au lac Tchad véritable mer intérieure dont les rivages abritèrent au Quaternaire les ancêtres de l'Humanité, son existence à la lisière du Sahara suscite la curiosité scientifique internationale depuis le Moyen-Age. Ses vastes étendues d'eaux douces aujourd'...
Understanding how external pressures impact ecosystem structure and functioning is essential for ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management. We quantified the relative effects of fisheries exploitation and environmental conditions on ecological indicators derived from two different data sources, fisheries catch data (catch-based) and fisher...
Le lac Tchad et son avenir sont au coeur des préoccupations politiques régionales et internationales. Cet espace vital, à la charnière de l'Afrique de l'Ouest et de l'Afrique centrale, a longtemps fasciné, depuis les géographes arabes au Moyen-Âge jusqu'aux explorateurs européens du xixe siècle. Il suscite aujourd'hui des interrogations fortes sur ...
Quantitative applications of mobile multibeam sonar in aquatic ecology and fisheries require accurate and efficient in-tank calibration methodologies. Calibration factors for a Simrad SM20 multibeam sonar are experimentally extracted thereby enabling sonar estimation of target strength and volume backscattering strength. Measured and modeled sonar ...
Principal Findings : According to fishers, fishing activity substantially evolved in the area with time, expanding towards deeper grounds and towards areas more distant from the coast. The maximum amount of catch ever caught and the weight of the largest species ever captured inversely declined with time. Fishers (70%) cited specific fishing ground...
Underestimation of catches is especially important in countries where fishing fleets are highly diversified, the enforcement of fishery management is low, data availability is poor, and there is high demand for fish products in local markets. This is the case for southern European and Mediterranean regions. Adapting a catch-reconstruction approach,...
