Published in Seminars in Immunopathology
Recent studies have suggested that the innate immune system is involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Its pathogenesis involves neutrophil activation and increased levels of cell-free DNA in the maternal plasma. Activation of neutrophils has recently been shown to induce DNA containing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) which trap and kil...
Published in Toxicon
•Calloselasma rhodosthoma LAAO showed no toxicity on neutrophils.•LAAO induced superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production by neutrophil.•LAAO stimulated neutrophils to release IL-8 and TNF-α as well as NETs liberation.•The first demonstration of cytokines and NETs liberation from a snake LAAO toxin.
Published in Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)
Due to the intracellular nature of mycobacterial infections, little attention has been paid to the possible extracellular role that neutrophils might play in tuberculosis. The recent discovery of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), composed of DNA and antimicrobial proteins,(1) introduces a new perspective to our understanding of the mechanism u...
Published in Journal of Innate Immunity
Recent investigations have highlighted new roles for neutrophils in the biology of infection and inflammation. Neutrophils are one of the main players in the innate immune system and actively contribute to host defense by killing pathogens. Added to their ability to eliminate microorganisms by phagocytosis, neutrophils can also kill microbes by cap...
Published in British Journal of Cancer
Background: The role of chemotherapy for neuroendocrine tumours remains controversial and there is no standard regimen. Method: We report the outcome for a consecutive series of chemonaive patients with metastatic or locally advanced neuroendocrine tumours treated with a combination of 5-fluorouracil (500 mg m−2), cisplatin (70 mg m−2) and streptoz...
Published in Clinical and Translational Oncology
Neuroendocrine tumours (NET) of the digestive tract comprise a broad range of malignancies. The therapeutic approach to these tumours has not evolved as it did in other tumour types in the last two decades. The deeper knowledge of the underlying molecular biology behind the growth of neuroendocrine cells has brought much information to light. We no...
Published in Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are found throughout the intestinal tract and arise from the Kulchitsky cells located in the crypts of Lieberkühn. They are classified by site of origin and by degree of differentiation, with well-differentiated lesions representing those tumors formerly referred to as carcinoid tumors. The focus of this review is NETs ...
Published in Immunologic Research
Autoreactive B and T cells are present in healthy, autoimmunity-free individuals, but they are kept in check by various regulatory mechanisms. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, however, autoreactive cells are expanded, activated, and produce large quantities of autoantibodies, directed especially against nuclear antigens. These antibo...
Published in Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are characterized by the presence of extracellular DNA fibers studded with antimicrobial proteins, including myeloperoxidase (MPO). Although NETs play an important role in the innate immune system, the scattered extracellular enzymes, such as MPO, pose risks to the host. Therefore, NETs are strictly regulated b...
Neutrophils are armed with both oxidant-dependent and -independent pathways for killing pathogens. Activation of the phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase constitutes an emergency response to infectious threat and results in the generation of antimicrobial reactive oxidants. In addition, NADPH oxidase activation in n...
