Acknowledgements: We thank Hedwig Gockel and two reviewers for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. / Funder: Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100009123 / Funder: NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology (incl St. Olavs Hospital - Trondheim University Hospital) / The relativ...
Acknowledgements: We thank Hedwig Gockel and two reviewers for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. / Funder: Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100009123 / Funder: NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology (incl St. Olavs Hospital - Trondheim University Hospital) / The relativ...
Advances in biomaterial science have allowed for unprecedented insight into the ability of material cues to influence stem cell function. These material approaches better recapitulate the microenvironment, providing a more realistic ex vivo model of the cell niche. However, recent advances in our ability to measure and manipulate niche properties i...
For sign languages, transitional movements of the hands are fully visible and may be used to predict upcoming linguistic input. We investigated whether and how deaf signers and hearing nonsigners use transitional information to detect a target item in a string of either pseudosigns or grooming gestures, as well as whether motor imagery ability was ...
Studies of voluntary visual spatial attention have used attention-directing cues, such as arrows, to induce or instruct observers to focus selective attention on relevant locations in visual space to detect or discriminate subsequent target stimuli. In everyday vision, however, voluntary attention is influenced by a host of factors, most of which a...
Expectations can inform fast, accurate decisions. But what informs expectations? Here we test the hypothesis that expectations are set by dynamic inference from memory. Participants performed a cue-guided perceptual decision task with independently-varying memory and sensory evidence. Cues established expectations by reminding participants of past ...
[C. Koch, S. Ullman, Hum. Neurobiol.4, 219-227 (1985)] proposed a 2D topographical salience map that took feature-map outputs as its input and represented the importance saliency of the feature inputs at each location as a real number. The computation on the map, winner-take-all, was used to predict action priority. We propose that the same or a si...
Animals associate cues with outcomes and update these associations as new information is presented. This requires the hippocampus, yet how hippocampal neurons track changes in cue-outcome associations remains unclear. Using two-photon calcium imaging, we tracked the same dCA1 and vCA1 neurons across days to determine how responses evolve across pha...
Nicotine dependence is a major predictor of relapse in people with Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD). Accordingly, therapies that reduce nicotine dependence may promote sustained abstinence from smoking. The insular cortex has been identified as a promising target in brain-based therapies for TUD, and has three major sub-regions (ventral anterior, dorsal ...
Many chemosensory cues evoke responses of the same valence under widely varying physiological conditions. It remains unclear whether similar or distinct neural mechanisms are involved in the detection and processing of such chemosensory cues across contexts. We show that in Caenorhabditis elegans, a chemosensory cue is processed by distinct neural ...
