Published in BBA - Biomembranes
Intestinal transport of baclofen ( β-( p-chlorophenyl)- γ-aminobutyric acid) in the rat has been examined in vitro. Influx of baclofen across the brush-border membrane ( J mc Bacl) and steady-state accumulation by everted segments of the intestine were measured. J mc Bacl could be accounted for as the sum of a saturable process with a maximum rate ...
Published in Respiration
Chronic, nonproductive cough may result from enhanced sensitivity of the cough reflex. Often, this debilitating symptom is refractory to standard antitussive therapy. Baclofen, an agonist of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), has been shown, in animals, to have antitussive activity via a central mechanism. Recently, in normal subjects, we have demonstrate...
Published in Psychopharmacology
The effect of pretreatment with pertussis toxin at the doses of 0.25 and 0.50 μg per mouse ICV on the amnesic effect produced by baclofen (0.1–4 mg kg−1 IP), diphenhydramine (15–30 mg kg−1 IP) and scopolamine (0.5–5 mg kg−1 IP) was investigated in the mouse passive avoidance test. Ten days after a single injection of pertussis toxin, baclofen (2–4 ...
Published in Critical Reviews in Neurosurgery
Partial dorsal root rhizotomy and intrathecal administration of baclofen are two modalities used to treat spasticity in children. Each has its own inclusion criteria and mechanism of action. Both have been proven to relieve spasticity, and both have their particular side effects and complications. Programmable pumps for the accurate and reliable ad...
Published in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
Previous studies have shown that administration of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHBA) or the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen are associated with a decrease in firing rate, a regularisation of firing pattern and a decrease in burst activity of midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). In the present study we compared the ability of the ...
Published in Drugs
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immunologically mediated disorder in which inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system white matter are prominent features, resulting in various neurological signs and symptoms. In most patients, the course of the disease is initially characterised by relapses and remissions. In patients with chronic d...
Published in British journal of pharmacology
It is unclear whether GABA(A) receptor-mediated hyperpolarizing and depolarizing synaptic potentials (IPSP(A)s and DPSP(A)s, respectively) are evoked by (a) the same populations of GABAergic interneurones and (b) exhibit similar regulation by allosteric modulators of GABA(A) receptor function. We have attempted to address these questions by investi...
Published in Psychopharmacology
Contemporary theories of drug abuse suggest that behavioral sensitization plays an important role in addiction. However, few studies have examined the mechanisms underlying behavioral sensitization to ethanol. The present study examined the ability of THIP (2, 4, or 8 mg/kg) and baclofen (5.0, 6.25, or 7.5 mg/kg), GABAA and GABAB agonists, respecti...
Published in Inpharma Weekly
Botulinum toxin is a potent neurotoxin that blocks neuromuscular transmission. When injected in minute quantities it causes selective paralysis and weakening of muscle and is able to alleviate spasms. Because of this it is already an accepted treatment for blepharospasm and strabismus. However, it also appears to offer a useful therapeutic alternat...
Published in Current Treatment Options in Neurology
Patients with acquired forms of nystagmus may suffer from oscillopsia and blurred vision; abolishing or reducing nystagmus ameliorates these symptoms. Ideally, treatment of nystagmus should be directed against the pathophysiologic mechanism responsible. Identification of nystagmus pattern is important in directing therapy and occasionally requires ...
