Ishiyama, EM Paterson, WR Wilson, DI
Process units subject to fouling often require regular cleaning, giving rise to repeated cycles of fouling and cleaning. The initial stages of fouling are strongly influenced by the effectiveness of the most recent cleaning step and, similarly, the effectiveness and rate of cleaning are determined by the extent and nature of the deposit layer prese...
Houben, Claudia Lapkin, Alexei A
This paper presents the first overview of recent developments in techniques and methods that enable closed-loop optimization, also sometimes called ‘self optimization’, as well as discovery in different areas of molecular sciences. The closed-loop experimental platforms offer tremendous new opportunities by significantly increasing productivity, as...
Wang, N Durkan, C
Core samples from two different depths of a Carbonate oil field have been investigated using optical and electron microscopy, elemental mapping and atomic force microscopy. The sample from the greater depth displays a striking magnetic response, greater compaction and cementation of coccoliths, and an oily film on all surfaces, whereas the sample f...
Boyce, CM Holland, DJ Scott, SA Dennis, JS
Bubbling and slugging fluidization were simulated in 3D cylindrical fluidized beds using a discrete element model with computational fluid dynamics (DEM-CFD). A CFD grid was used in which the volume of all fluid cells was equal. Ninety simulations were conducted with different fluid grid cell lengths in the vertical (dz) and radial (dr) directions ...
Kelly, MJ
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Cambridge University Press via http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mre.2016.3 / The growth of the ecological footprint of a human population about to increase from 7B now to 9B in 2050 raises serious concerns about how to live both more efficiently and with less permanent impacts on ...
Ismail, M Liu, W Chan, MSC Dunstan, MT Scott, SA
Chemical looping hydrogen production uses the oxidation and reduction of metal oxides, typically iron, to produce hydrogen. This work focuses on the modification of iron oxide with calcium oxide to form an oxygen carrier containing dicalcium ferrite (Ca2Fe2O5), which presents favorable thermodynamics for achieving higher conversions of steam to hyd...
Boyce, CM Rice, NP Ozel, A Davidson, JF Sederman, AJ Gladden, LF Sundaresan, S Dennis, JS Holland, DJ
Relative flow between granular material and gas can create phenomena in which particles behave like a liquid with bubbles rising through them. In this paper, magnetic resonance imaging is used to measure the velocities of the gas and solid phases in a bubbling fluidized bed. Comparison with theory shows that the average velocity of gas through the ...
Lindley, BA Parks, GT
The Spectral Shift Control Reactor (SSCR) uses a mix of D$_2$O and H$_2$O to moderate and cool the reactor. Initially, a high proportion of D$_2$O is used, such that the reactor is substantially under-moderated, with excess neutrons being primarily captured in $^{238}$U, breeding $^{239}$Pu. Towards the end of the cycle (EOC), the coolant is predom...
Lister, VY Davidson, JF Sutcliffe, SJ Wilson, DI
The gas-phase manufacture of titanium dioxide is subject to acute fouling in the cooler unit located directly downstream of the reactor which quenches the reaction. A model of the cooler system was constructed, incorporating aspects of compressible flow, multimode heat transfer, fouling, and changes in geometry. This indicated that deposition could...
Wu, KJ De Varine Bohan, GM Torrente-Murciano, L
Microtubular helical reactors generate secondary flows promoting the synthesis of mono-sized silver nanoparticles in the absence of capping ligands.
/ LTM would like to acknowledge the UK Engineering and Physical Science Research Council for her Fellowship award (grant number EP/L020432/2).