Alexander, Samuel Hibbard, Bill
Published in
Journal of Artificial General Intelligence
In 2011, Hibbard suggested an intelligence measure for agents who compete in an adversarial sequence prediction game. We argue that Hibbard’s idea should actually be considered as two separate ideas: first, that the intelligence of such agents can be measured based on the growth rates of the runtimes of the competitors that they defeat; and second,...
Arnaouteli, Sofia Bamford, Natalie C Brandani, Giovanni B Morris, Ryan J Schor, Marieke Carrington, Jamie T Hobley, Laura van Aalten, Daan M F Stanley-Wall, Nicola R MacPhee, Cait E
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Published in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis is a model organism to investigate the formation of biofilms, the predominant form of microbial life. The secreted protein BslA self-assembles at the surface of the biofilm to give the B. subtilis biofilm its characteristic hydrophobicity. To understand the mechanism of BslA self-assembly at interfaces, here we ...
Li, Tong Tang, Shanjie Li, Wei Zhang, Shuaibin Wang, Jianli Pan, Duofeng Lin, Zhelong Ma, Xuan Chang, Yanan Liu, Bo
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Published in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Leymus chinensis, a dominant perennial grass in the Eurasian Steppe, is well known for its remarkable adaptability and forage quality. Hardly any breeding has been done on the grass, limiting its potential in ecological restoration and forage productivity. To enable genetic improvement of the untapped, important species, we obtained a 7.85-Gb high-...
Wu, Yuanpeng Zhou, Peng Xiao, Yixin Sun, Kai Wang, Ding Wang, Ping Mi, Zetian
Published in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Interface engineering in heterostructures at the atomic scale has been a central research focus of nanoscale and quantum material science. Despite its paramount importance, the achievement of atomically ordered heterointerfaces has been severely limited by the strong diffusive feature of interfacial atoms in heterostructures. In this work, we first...
George, Ashish B O'Dwyer, James
Published in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The growth of complex populations, such as microbial communities, forests, and cities, occurs over vastly different spatial and temporal scales. Although research in different fields has developed detailed, system-specific models to understand each individual system, a unified analysis of different complex populations is lacking; such an analysis c...
Jin, Minghui Shan, Yinxue Peng, Yan Wang, Wenhui Zhang, Huihui Liu, Kaiyu Heckel, David G Wu, Kongming Tabashnik, Bruce E Xiao, Yutao
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Published in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have revolutionized control of some major pests. However, more than 25 cases of field-evolved practical resistance have reduced the efficacy of transgenic crops producing crystalline (Cry) Bt proteins, spurring adoption of alternatives including crops producing the Bt...
Duan, Pu Dregni, Aurelio J Mammeri, Nadia El Hong, Mei
Published in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The microtubule-associated protein tau aggregates into neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The main type of aggregates, the paired helical filaments (PHF), incorporate about 20% of the full-length protein into the rigid core. Recently, cryo-electron microscopy data showed that a protease-resistant fragment of tau (residues 297-391)...
Warkentin, Christopher L Frontiera, Renee R
Published in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Plasmonic materials are promising photocatalysts as they are well suited to convert light into hot carriers and heat. Hot electron transfer is suggested as the driving force in many plasmon-driven reactions. However, to date, there are no direct molecular measures of the rate and yield of plasmon-to-molecule electron transfer or energy of these ele...
Moreau, Alexis Yaya, François Lu, Huijie Surendranath, Anagha Charrier, Anne Dehapiot, Benoit Helfer, Emmanuèle Viallat, Annie Peng, Zhangli
Published in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The splenic interendothelial slits fulfill the essential function of continuously filtering red blood cells (RBCs) from the bloodstream to eliminate abnormal and aged cells. To date, the process by which 8 [Formula: see text]m RBCs pass through 0.3 [Formula: see text]m-wide slits remains enigmatic. Does the slit caliber increase during RBC passage ...
Ongchoco, Joan Danielle K Walter-Terrill, Robert Scholl, Brian J
Published in
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Research on higher-level thought has revealed many principles of reasoning and decision-making but has rarely made contact with how we perceive the world in the first place. Here we show how a lower-level property of perception-the spontaneous and task-irrelevant segmentation of continuous visual stimulation into discrete events-can restrict one of...