Gathercole, L L Morgan, S A Bujalska, I J Stewart, P M Tomlinson, J W
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Nutrition & diabetes
Endogenous or exogenous glucocorticoid (GC) excess (Cushing's syndrome) is characterized by increased adiposity and insulin resistance. Although GCs cause global insulin resistance in vivo, we have previously shown that GCs are able to augment insulin action in human adipose tissue, contrasting with their action in skeletal muscle. Cushing's syndro...
Hattori, T Murase, T Ohtake, M Inoue, T Tsukamoto, H Takatsu, M Kato, Y Hashimoto, K Murohara, T Nagata, K
...
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Nutrition & diabetes
The DahlS.Z-Lepr(fa)/Lepr(fa) (DS/obese) rat strain was established from a cross between Dahl salt-sensitive rats and Zucker fatty (fa/fa) rats, the latter of which harbor a missense mutation in the leptin receptor gene (Lepr). We examined whether DS/obese rats might be a suitable animal model of metabolic syndrome in humans. The systemic pathophys...
Bendsen, N T Chabanova, E Thomsen, H S Larsen, T M Newman, J W Stender, S Dyerberg, J Haugaard, S B Astrup, A
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Nutrition & diabetes
Intake of industrially produced trans fatty acids (TFAs) is, according to observational studies, associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but the causal mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Besides inducing dyslipidemia, TFA intake is suspected to promote abdominal and liver fat deposition. We examined the effect of a high...
Newton, R L Jr Bouchard, C Bray, G Greenway, F Johnson, W D Ravussin, E Ryan, D Katzmarzyk, P T
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Nutrition & diabetes
Accumulation of adipose tissue is associated with cardiometabolic risks. Although visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has been strongly implicated in this relationship, there is still some debate regarding the contribution of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of abdominal SAT to cardi...
Nishikata, N Shikata, N Kimura, Y Noguchi, Y
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Nutrition & diabetes
We have previously reported that dietary ketogenic amino acids (KAAs) modulate hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and prevent hepatic steatosis in mice. However, the dependence of the metabolic phenotypes generated by KAA on the type of dietary lipid source remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of KAA combined with differen...
Khoo, C M Tan, M Wu, Y Wai, C H Subramaniam, T Lee, J Tai, E S
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Nutrition & diabetes
Statin therapy reduces coronary heart disease (CHD) and mortality in individuals with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) but low-density lipoprotein cholesterol below the threshold at which statin therapy is recommended. We determined the proportion of individuals with elevated CRP in whom statin therapy was not indicated, and examined predictors fo...
Payne, A N Chassard, C Zimmermann, M Müller, P Stinca, S Lacroix, C
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Nutrition & diabetes
The gut microbiota contribute otherwise impossible metabolic functions to the human host. Shifts in the relative proportions of gut microbial communities in adults have been correlated with intestinal disease and have been associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to elucidate differences in gut microbial compositions and metabolite concen...
Nyman, Lara R Tian, Liqun Hamm, Doug A Schoeb, Trenton R Gower, Barbara A Nagy, Tim R Wood, Philip A
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Nutrition & diabetes
BACKGROUND: Abnormal fatty acid metabolism is an important feature in the mechanisms of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a (CPT-1a, liver isoform) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. We investigated the role of CPT-1a in the development of impaired glucose tolera...
Vaittinen, M Kolehmainen, M Schwab, U Uusitupa, M Pulkkinen, L
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Nutrition & diabetes
Microfibrillar-associated protein 5 (MFAP5) is an extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein, which is colocalized with microfibrils in elastin networks. Its function in adipose tissue (AT) is not known. We have recently shown that the expression of MFAP5 is downregulated in AT along with weight reduction (WR) in persons with metabolic syndrome (MetS)...
Wagner, I V Perwitz, N Drenckhan, M Lehnert, H Klein, J
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Nutrition & diabetes
The endocannabinoid system is a major component in the control of energy metabolism. Cannabinoid 1 (CB1)-receptor blockade induces weight loss and reduces the risk to develop the metabolic syndrome with its associated cardiovascular complications. These effects are mediated by central and peripheral pathways. Interestingly, weight loss is mainly ac...
