Published in Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
The closeness of the evolutionary origin, physiology, and structure of the brain with humans makes lower primates the preferred experimental animals for biomedical research. Many brain diseases induce degradation of cognitive capacities. Various aspects of impairments to cognitive functions are studied in model experiments in monkeys. In the presen...
Published in Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
Dementia is often combined with other mental disorders which can manifest at different stages of the disease. The severity and rate of progression of these disorders may depend on the nosological nature of the disease producing the dementia, as well as environmental factors, concomitant diseases, etc. Each psychopathological syndrome is linked with...
Published in Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
This article addresses questions of the pathogenesis of inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the nervous system using Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis as examples. The commonality of the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in these diseases, based on results published in recent years, is discussed. The role of neuro...
Published in Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
Objectives. To identify the risk factors for the development of cognitive impairments and the low treatment compliance seen in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Materials and methods. A total of 157 patients with CHF and 32 control subjects took part in the study. Neuropsychological investigations were carried out using a 30-min set of tes...
Published in Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
Changes in pulse rate and the dynamics of cerebral blood flow were studied on exposure to moderate and severe normobaric hypoxia and during performance of cognitive loading in conditions of normoxia and hypoxia. Changes in values from baseline on performance of cognitive tests in normoxia (CTN) and hypoxia (CTH) and in hypoxia without cognitive loa...
Published in Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
The dynamics of psychoemotional state and cognitive processes were studied in middle-aged women before and after 20-day courses of an ethanolic extract of Teucrium polium L. Use of extract decreased psychoemotional tension, which was linked with the modulatory actions of the flavonoids and terpenoids present in the extract on GABAA receptors. Use o...
Published in Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
Dementia is the most important medical-social problem, whose significance increases each year because of increases in the proportion of elderly people in the population. Improvements in diagnostic methods create the conditions for earlier detection and treatment of dementing diseases. It is now 20 years since one of the main antidementia drugs – me...
Published in Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
We report here a comparative analysis of the acute antidepressant actions of derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine and succinic acid (emoxypine, Reamberin, and Mexidol) developing 30–45 min after single drug doses. The acute antidepressant effects of emoxypine, Reamberin, and Mexidol were assessed from the dynamics of reductions in the duration of “beha...
Published in Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
This review addresses endothelial dysfunction as a component in the pathogenesis of vascular encephalopathy (VE), which is particularly severe in lesions of the small cerebral vessels. The authors consider the possible mechanisms of impairment of endothelial function in VE and the characteristics of the neuroanatomy and pathophysiology of the endot...
Published in Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology
The development of laboratory diagnostic and neuroimaging methods allows a number of biomarkers to be detected, improving the in-life diagnosis of a very diverse set of types of dementia (Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body dementia, vascular dementia). Currently, molecular biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for detection of Alzheimer’s disease...
