Published in Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
The primary cause of failure of the pharmacological treatment of cancer is the occurrence of intrinsic or acquired resistance to drugs in tumor cells. Drug resistance occurs through a variety of mechanisms and usually results from mutation or amplification of genes. Biochemical and genetic mechanisms by which tumor cells may become resistant clinic...
Published in Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
The usual chemoprophylaxis of toxoplasmosis consists of spiramycin or the combination of pyremethamine-sulfamide. This chemoprophylaxis can be used: 1 - In the pregnant woman: spiramycin avoids or has low fetal damage. In case of maternal contamination after 33 weeks of pregnancy, pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine combination should be used in spite of it...
Published in Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
The authors have evaluated the incidence of Group A streptococci, and the prevalence of erythromycin-resistant strains in the years 1985/86/87 at the I.C.P. of Milan. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for erythromycin, penicillin and miocamycin of 40 erythromycin-resistant strains were also studied (MIC50-MIC90 = 4.5-8, 0.015-0.015, 0.04...
Published in Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
Sixteen patients with advanced small cell lung cancer who relapsed or progressed under first-line therapy, were treated with second-line chemotherapy consisting of: teniposide, 60 mg/m2, i.v. days 1-5, every 3 weeks until further progression. The response rate was: 3 minor responses, 6 stable disease, 5 progressive disease, 1 early death and 1 not ...
Published in Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
Forty-five patients with epidermoid cancer of the head and neck were either treated with cisplatin and bleomycin (DDP-BLM) or with vincristine, bleomycin and methotrexate (VBM) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy before radical radiation therapy (XRT). Chemotherapy with DDP-BLM provided a tumoral response of 80% [20% complete response (CR), 60% partial res...
Published in Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
The aims of this work were to investigate the possible effect of several antimicrobial agents alone and in combinations against 190 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 30 isolates of Mycobacterium avium, 30 Mycobacterium fortuitum and 30 Mycobacterium chelonei. The susceptibility was determined in Müller-Hinton agar and Middlebrook ...
Published in Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
The knowledge of the plasmodium life-cycle is essential for the use of antimalarial drugs and their combinations. The antimalarial drugs currently available can act on one or more stages of parasitic development, but only on its proliferative phases. The combinations of drugs in the treatment of malaria aim at three distinct objectives: a) action o...
Published in Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
For many of today's clean-contaminated surgical operations antibiotic prophylaxis is a generally accepted and proven procedure. On the basis of a literature survey the parameters to be considered are analyzed: bactericidal spectrum, pharmacokinetics (peak plasma and tissue concentrations, tissue penetration, persistence at high-risk sites and elimi...
Published in Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
The third generation quinolones, ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, fleroxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin are all quickly and quantitatively well (75-95% of an oral dose) absorbed upon oral administration. The maximum serum concentrations appear after 1-2 hours. The serum and urine concentrations after oral or intravenous ciprofloxacin are direct...
Published in Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
This review article summarizes the published data concerning the impact of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin on the oropharyngeal and intestinal human microflora. The use of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin for selective decontamination in compromised patients and for prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infections is also reviewed.
