Zhang, Xing-sheng Zou, Zong-shu Luo, Zhi-guo
Published in
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International
A three-dimensional steady-state mathematical model, considering the chemical reactions and transfers of momentum, heat and mass between the gas and solid phases, was developed to investigate the characteristics of the shaft furnace with the central gas distribution (CGD) device. The model was verified by the practical production data of a COREX-30...
Feng, Kai Xu, An-jun Wu, Peng-fei He, Dong-feng Wang, Hong-bing
Published in
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International
Temperature control is the key of Ruhrstahl-Heraeus (RH) process in steelmaking plant. The accuracy of RH control model greatly affects the molten steel temperature fluctuation. To obtain RH control model with higher accuracy, an improved case-based reasoning (CBR) model based on attribute weights optimized by genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed. T...
Assis, Karina Lara Santos Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan
Published in
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International
Cold-finger measurements were used to estimate the contact resistance and average thermal conductivity of mold flux films solidified on a water-cooled copper probe. Five industrial mold fluxes, with basicities from low to high, were tested. The steady-state rate of convective heat transfer between the solid film and liquid flux was compared with ca...
Chen, Li-qing
Published in
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International
Marschall, Irmtraud Kölbl, Nathalie Harmuth, Harald Atzenhofer, Christina
Published in
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International
Commercial mold powders use a limited number of main mineral constituents, but may differ significantly in chemical composition. The main mineral raw materials of specimens investigated here are quartz, fluorite and free carbon, as well as wollastonite and carbonates. The investigations revealed the use of secondary raw materials like blast furnace...
Kölbl, Nathalie Marschall, Irmtraud Harmuth, Harald
Published in
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International
Methods for the characterization of mould slag crystallization with special emphasis on the single/double hot thermocouple technique (SHTT/DHTT) are reviewed. In the continuous casting process of steels, horizontal heat transfer is mainly influenced by the crystallization behaviour of the mould flux film. Here, both precipitation of crystals out of...
Li, Guo-chao Cheng, Xu Wang, Hua-ming
Published in
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International
After annealed at 1000 °C, a special basket-weave structure is obtained in laser additive manufactured Ti–6Al–2V–1.5Mo–0.5Zr–0.3Si alloy. The unit of the special basket-weave structure is α lamellas clusters, which consist of lamellar primary α (αp), crab-like structures at the edges of αp and lamellar secondary α (αs) on both sides of αp. As the u...
Wang, Qi Yang, Ji-an Zhang, Chen Cai, De-xiang Zhang, Jian-qiang Ostrovski, Oleg
Published in
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International
The effects of CaO/Al2O3 ratio on viscosity and structure of the CaO-Al2O3-based fluoride-free mould fluxes were investigated with the CaO/Al2O3 ratio varied from 1 to 4 and the content of SiO2 fixed at 7 wt.%. The increase in the CaO/Al2O3 ratio from 1 to 2 lowered the viscosity of the flux melts. The viscosity increased slightly with the CaO/Al2O...
Wang, Lan Yang, Jing-han Li, Yang Song, Jie Jin, Yun-xue Wang, Shu-qi
Published in
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International
The wear behavior and mechanism of TC11 (pins) and AISI M2 (disks) under different test conditions were studied. The results show that tribo-layers formed on the worn surfaces of both TC11 alloy and AISI M2 steel. As for TC11 alloys at 25 °C, the wear rate increased to high values with an increase in the load; and abrasive wear and adhesive wear pr...
Cai, De-xiang Wang, Wan-lin Zhang, Lei Zhang, Chen
Published in
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International
A comparison study was conducted on viscosity and heat transfer property of the traditional fluorine-bearing (F-bearing) mold flux and the newly designed fluorine-free (F-free) mold flux for casting silicon steel. The results showed that the viscosity of F-free mold flux is lower than that of F-bearing mold flux, as the apparent activation energy o...
