Montanari, T. Colitti, M.
Published in
Histochemistry and Cell Biology
The Simpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome (SGBS) cell strain is widely considered to be a representative in vitro model of human subcutaneous white pre-adipocytes. These cells achieve a transient expression of classical brown markers, such as uncoupling protein 1, peaking at day 14 of differentiation and decreasing thereafter. Adipocyte browning process i...
Kaltner, Herbert García Caballero, Gabriel Ludwig, Anna-Kristin Manning, Joachim C. Gabius, Hans-Joachim
Published in
Histochemistry and Cell Biology
About 60 years ago, the efforts to identify blood group-specific haemagglutinins in plant extracts by broad-scale testing were beginning to make a large panel of these proteins available as laboratory tools. Their ability to ‘read’ cell surface signals like antibodies do was the reason for W. C. Boyd to call them lectins, from Latin legere (to read...
Taatjes, Douglas J. Roth, Jürgen
Published in
Histochemistry and Cell Biology
Vanslembrouck, Bieke Kremer, Anna Pavie, Benjamin van Roy, Frans Lippens, Saskia van Hengel, Jolanda
Published in
Histochemistry and Cell Biology
The intercalated disc (ID) contains different kinds of intercellular junctions: gap junctions (GJs), desmosomes and areae compositae, essential for adhesion and communication between adjacent cardiomyocytes. The junctions can be identified based on their morphology when imaged using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), however, only with very li...
Haraguchi, Ryuma Kitazawa, Riko Imai, Yuuki Kitazawa, Sohei
Published in
Histochemistry and Cell Biology
Longitudinal bone growth progresses by continuous bone replacement of epiphyseal cartilaginous tissue, known as “growth plate”, produced by columnar proliferated- and differentiated-epiphyseal chondrocytes. The endochondral ossification process at the growth plate is governed by paracrine signals secreted from terminally differentiated chondrocytes...
Komori, Toshihisa
Published in
Histochemistry and Cell Biology
Runx2 is a transcription factor that is essential for osteoblast differentiation and chondrocyte maturation. Ihh, expressed in prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes, is required for the specification of Runx2+ osteoprogenitors in endochondral bone development. Runx2 induces Sp7, an essential transcription factor for osteoblast differentiati...
Kitazawa, Riko Haraguchi, Ryuma Fukushima, Mana Kitazawa, Sohei
Published in
Histochemistry and Cell Biology
Hard tissue homeostasis is regulated by the balance between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. This physiologic process allows adaptation to mechanical loading and calcium homeostasis. Under pathologic conditions, however, this process is ill-balanced resulting in either over-resorption or over-formation of hard tissu...
Ono, Takehito Nakashima, Tomoki
Published in
Histochemistry and Cell Biology
The bone is an essential organ for locomotion and protection of the body, as well as hematopoiesis and mineral homeostasis. In order to exert these functions throughout life, bone tissue undergoes a repeating cycle of osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation. The osteoclast is a large, multinucleated cell that is differentiated ...
Mizuno, Hiroki Kikuta, Junichi Ishii, Masaru
Published in
Histochemistry and Cell Biology
There are as many as 200 cell types in the body, and highly sophisticated and varied life phenomena are carried out by cell migration to appropriate places at appropriate times following the appropriate interactions. Recent advances in optical imaging technology using multi-photon excitation microscopy have enabled visualization inside intact bone ...
Hasegawa, Tomoka
Published in
Histochemistry and Cell Biology
Bone mineralization is initiated by matrix vesicles, small extracellular vesicles secreted by osteoblasts, inducing the nucleation and subsequent growth of calcium phosphate crystals inside. Although calcium ions (Ca2+) are abundant throughout the tissue fluid close to the matrix vesicles, the influx of phosphate ions (PO43−) into matrix vesicles i...
