Published in Current drug targets
Radiotherapy is considered a second life in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) patients, mainly due to the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-Programmed-death (PD)-1, alone or in combination with anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen (CTLA)-4. Several trials are investigating the efficacy/safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in sequ...
Published in Current drug targets
Inflammation is the most common pathology in many orthopedic diseases, such as: rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) and other reasons caused osteolysis. The leading factor of inflammation was considered as the differentiation of monocyte and the polarization of macrophage. However, cytokines and different cell models could regulate this ...
Published in Current drug targets
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare tumors that mainly occur in the gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) tract and lungs. According to the current World Health Organization classification for GEP-NENs and lung NENs, treatment strategies differ for well-differentiated and poorly differentiated subtypes. For well-differentiated GEP-NENs, somatostatin an...
Published in Current drug targets
Osteoclasts are originated from monocytic precursors of the hematopoietic lineage. Regulation of gene expression by transcription factors is one of the major mechanisms for controlling cellular functions. This is particularly important in the process of osteoclast production. As a main regulatory transcriptional factor, nuclear factor of activated ...
Published in Current drug targets
Neutrophilic asthma is generally associated with the absence of eosinophils and activation of non- predominant type 2 immunological pathways. It involves bronchial inflammation followed by different degrees of airway remodeling. Neutrophilic inflammation activates specific cellular and molecular pathways due to inhalation of environmental trigger f...
Published in Current drug targets
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). PD is a multifactorial disorder, with several different factors being suggested to play a synergistic pathophysiological role, these including oxidative stress, ...
Published in Current drug targets
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In developed countries its mortality remains high, yet the prevalence has established owing to effective screening programs; however due to the westernization of lifestyle the incidence in many other countries increased. Although the treatment of CRC has improved in the last few y...
Published in Current drug targets
Honokiol and its isomer magnolol are poly-phenolic compounds isolated from the Magnolia officinalis that exert cardiovascular modulating effects via a variety of mechanisms. They are used as a blood-quickening and stasis-dispelling agents in Traditional Chinese Medicine and confirmed to have therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis, thrombosis, hyp...
Published in Current drug targets
Clozapine has been regarded as the last-line antipsychotic agent for patients with refractory schizophrenia. However, many patients remain unresponsive to clozapine, referred to as "clozapine-resistant", "ultra-treatment-resistant", or "hardest-to-treat". There has been no convincing evidence for augmentation on clozapine so far. Novel treatments i...
Published in Current drug targets
Millions of people, especially for the aging people, are suffered by bone-loss diseases, such as: rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. Therefore, the better understanding for the involved mechanisms of bone metabolism is promising for treat such diseases. Particularly, during the pathological process of bone loss, RANKL as a member of the tumor n...
