Lin, Zongcheng Xie, Fei Triviño, Marina Zhao, Tao Coppens, Frederik Sterck, Lieven Bosch, Maurice Franklin-Tong, Vernonica E Nowack, Moritz K
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Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) are tethered to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane where they function as key regulators of a plethora of biological processes in eukaryotes. Self-incompatibility (SI) plays a pivotal role regulating fertilization in higher plants through recognition and rejection of "self" pollen. Here...
Zhang, Ai Matsuoka, Keita Kareem, Abdul Robert, Madalen Roszak, Pawel Blob, Bernhard Bisht, Anchal De Veylder, Lieven Voiniciuc, Cătălin Asahina, Masashi
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Wound healing is a fundamental property of plants and animals that requires recognition of cellular damage to initiate regeneration. In plants, wounding activates a defense response via the production of jasmonic acid and a regeneration response via the hormone auxin and several ethylene response factor (ERF) and NAC domain-containing protein (ANAC...
Chaturvedi, Ratna Stork, Tobias Yuan, Chunyan Freeman, Marc R Emery, Patrick
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A precise balance between sleep and wakefulness is essential to sustain a good quality of life and optimal brain function. GABA is known to play a key and conserved role in sleep control, and GABAergic tone should, therefore, be tightly controlled in sleep circuits. Here, we examined the role of the astrocytic GABA transporter (GAT) in sleep regula...
Weiler, Simon Guggiana Nilo, Drago Bonhoeffer, Tobias Hübener, Mark Rose, Tobias Scheuss, Volker
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The functional properties of neocortical pyramidal cells (PCs), such as direction and orientation selectivity in visual cortex, predominantly derive from their excitatory and inhibitory inputs. For layer 2/3 (L2/3) PCs, the detailed relationship between their functional properties and how they sample and integrate information across cortical space ...
Lalive, Arnaud L Congiu, Mauro Lewis, Christopher Groos, Dominik Clerke, Joseph A Tchenio, Anna Ge, Yuan Helmchen, Fritjof Mameli, Manuel
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The lateral habenula (LHb) supports learning processes enabling the prediction of upcoming rewards. While reward-related stimuli decrease the activity of LHb neurons, whether this anchors on synaptic inhibition to guide reward-driven behaviors remains poorly understood. Here, we combine in vivo two-photon calcium imaging with Pavlovian conditioning...
Gopalan, Shyamalika Berl, Richard E W Myrick, Justin W Garfield, Zachary H Reynolds, Austin W Bafens, Barnabas K Belbin, Gillian Mastoras, Mira Williams, Cole Daya, Michelle
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The fate of hunting and gathering populations following the rise of agriculture and pastoralism remains a topic of debate in the study of human prehistory. Studies of ancient and modern genomes have found that autochthonous groups were largely replaced by expanding farmer populations with varying levels of gene flow, a characterization that is infl...
Bianucci, Giovanni Geisler, Jonathan H Citron, Sara Collareta, Alberto
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The killer whale (Orcinus orca) and false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) are the only extant cetaceans that hunt other marine mammals, with pods of the former routinely preying on baleen whales >10 m in length and the latter being known to take other delphinids.1-3 Fossil evidence for the origins of this feeding behavior is wanting, although m...
Smith, Nicholas K Plotkin, Jared M Grueter, Brad A
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To find food efficiently, a hungry animal engages in goal-directed behaviors that rely on nucleus accumbens (NAc) circuits. Synaptic alterations within these circuits underlie shifts in behavior across motivational states. Here, we show that hunger dampens an NAc to lateral hypothalamus (LH) circuit to promote persistent food seeking. BigLEN, a hun...
Kou, Kun Yang, Hui Li, Haiyang Fang, Chao Chen, Liyu Yue, Lin Nan, Haiyang Kong, Lingping Li, Xiaoming Wang, Fan
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Soybean (Glycine max) grows in a wide range of latitudes, but it is extremely sensitive to photoperiod, which reduces its yield and ability to adapt to different environments. Therefore, understanding of the genetic basis of soybean adaptation is of great significance for breeding and improvement. Here, we characterized Tof18 (SOC1a) that condition...
Viskaitis, Paulius Arnold, Myrtha Garau, Celia Jensen, Lise T Fugger, Lars Peleg-Raibstein, Daria Burdakov, Denis
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Ingested nutrients are proposed to control mammalian behavior by modulating the activity of hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin neurons (HONs). Previous in vitro studies showed that nutrients ubiquitous in mammalian diets, such as non-essential amino acids (AAs) and glucose, modulate HONs in distinct ways. Glucose inhibits HONs, whereas non-essential (b...