Zhang, Jun Cai, Yongfei Lavine, Christy L Peng, Hanqin Zhu, Haisun Anand, Krishna Tong, Pei Gautam, Avneesh Mayer, Megan L Rits-Volloch, Sophia
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Published in
Cell reports
The Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), bearing an unusually high number of mutations, has become a dominant strain in many countries within several weeks. We report here structural, functional, and antigenic properties of its full-length spike (S) protein with a native sequence in comparison with those ...
Matsumura, Ritsuko Yoshimi, Kazuto Sawai, Yuka Yasumune, Nanami Kajihara, Kohhei Maejima, Tatsuya Koide, Tsuyoshi Node, Koichi Akashi, Makoto
Published in
Cell reports
The current model of the mammalian circadian clock describes cell-autonomous and negative feedback-driven circadian oscillation of Cry and Per transcription as the core circadian rhythm generator. However, the actual contribution of this oscillation to circadian rhythm generation remains undefined. Here we perform targeted disruption of cis element...
Müller, Johannes Alexander Betzin, Julia Santos-Tejedor, Jorge Mayer, Annika Oprişoreanu, Ana-Maria Engholm-Keller, Kasper Paulußen, Isabelle Gulakova, Polina McGovern, Terrence Daniel Gschossman, Lena Johanna
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Published in
Cell reports
Stable function of networks requires that synapses adapt their strength to levels of neuronal activity, and failure to do so results in cognitive disorders. How such homeostatic regulation may be implemented in mammalian synapses remains poorly understood. Here we show that the phosphorylation status of several positions of the active-zone (AZ) pro...
Melani, Riccardo Tritsch, Nicolas X
Published in
Cell reports
Dopamine (DA)-releasing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNcDA) inhibit target cells in the striatum through postsynaptic activation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for GABAergic signaling remain unclear, as SNcDA neurons lack enzymes typically required to produce GABA or package ...
Villalobos, Claudio A Basso, Michele A
Published in
Cell reports
We report that increasing inhibition from the basal ganglia (BG) to the superior colliculus (SC) through the substantia nigra pars reticulata (nigra) using in vivo optogenetic activation of GABAergic terminals in mice produces contralateral orienting movements. These movements are unexpected because decreases, and not increases, in nigral activity ...
Winkler, Lauren Jimenez, Maria Zimmer, Joshua T Williams, Adam Simon, Matthew D Dimitrova, Nadya
Published in
Cell reports
The p53-induced long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) lincRNA-p21 is proposed to act in cis to promote p53-dependent expression of the neighboring cell cycle gene, Cdkn1a/p21. The molecular mechanism through which the transcribed lincRNA-p21 regulatory locus activates p21 expression remains poorly understood. To elucidate the functional elements of cis-regul...
Dalal, Tal Haddad, Rafi
Published in
Cell reports
γ-oscillatory activity is ubiquitous across brain areas. Numerous studies have suggested that γ-synchrony is likely to enhance the transmission of sensory information. However, direct causal evidence is still lacking. Here, we test this hypothesis in the mouse olfactory system, where local GABAergic granule cells (GCs) in the olfactory bulb shape m...
Glass, Marla C Glass, David R Oliveria, John-Paul Mbiribindi, Berenice Esquivel, Carlos O Krams, Sheri M Bendall, Sean C Martinez, Olivia M
Published in
Cell reports
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) suppress immune responses through the secretion of interleukin-10 (IL-10). This immunomodulatory capacity holds therapeutic potential, yet a definitional immunophenotype for enumeration and prospective isolation of B cells capable of IL-10 production remains elusive. Here, we simultaneously quantify cytokine production an...
Ming-Chin Lee, Kevin Achuthan, Adrian A De Souza, David P Lupancu, Tanya J Binger, Katrina J Lee, Man K S Xu, Yangsong McConville, Malcolm J de Weerd, Nicole A Dragoljevic, Dragana
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Published in
Cell reports
Metabolic adaptations can directly influence the scope and scale of macrophage activation and polarization. Here we explore the impact of type I interferon (IFNβ) on macrophage metabolism and its broader impact on cytokine signaling pathways. We find that IFNβ simultaneously increased the expression of immune-responsive gene 1 and itaconate product...
Kwon, Eunju Pathak, Deepak Dahal, Pawan Tandukar, Sudarshan Jung, Hyun Suk Kim, Woe-Yeon Kim, Dong Young
Published in
Cell reports
In Arabidopsis, GIGANTEA (GI), together with the blue-light receptors ZTL, LKP2, and FKF1, regulates degradation of the core clock protein TOC1 and the flowering repressor CDFs, thereby controlling circadian oscillation and flowering. Despite the significance of GI in diverse plant physiology, its molecular function is not much understood because o...