Published in Biology of the neonate
The isotope-labelled microsphere method was used to study blood flow autoregulation in the brainstem (BS), cerebellum (CBL), cerebrum (CBR) and choroid plexus (ChPl) in 21 newborn piglets exposed to hypoxemia and/or hypovolemia. One group of piglets (n = 7) was made hypoxemic by breathing 10% O2 for 10 min, a second group (n = 8) was studied during...
Published in Biology of the neonate
Indomethacin has been shown to reduce cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood flow velocities in newborn infants and animals of various species. To answer the question of whether there may be a compromise of cerebral perfusion in hypotensive infants who have been treated with indomethacin, cerebral blood flow and cerebral vascular resistance were de...
Published in Biology of the neonate
In this study, the effect of prenatal hypoxia on the catecholamine sensitivity of the offspring of pregnant rats was investigated. The offspring from hypoxic animals showed after treatment with isoproterenol in adult age a distinctly more pronounced decrease of protein content and enzyme activities in heart tissue as well as a significantly higher ...
Published in Biology of the neonate
The insensible water loss from the skin of premature neonates in various environments can be estimated by modeling the skin as a composite membrane and applying Fick's law to each layer. Studies involving human skin development have made it possible to apply the proposed model to predict an infant's insensible water loss as a function of gestationa...
Published in Biology of the neonate
Phenobarbital (PB), at anticonvulsant dosages, has been used in an attempt to reduce hypoxic brain injury in asphyxiated newborn infants. The effects of PB pretreatment on the cerebral blood flow (CBF) response in hypoxia were studied in 15 curarized and mechanically ventilated piglets: 7 animals were pretreated with 20 mg/kg of PB (group 1) and 8 ...
Published in Biology of the neonate
We assessed sequential changes in the permeability properties of the pulmonary epithelium in spontaneously breathing, newborn term (30 days of gestation) and preterm (28 days) rabbit pups, using the rate of pulmonary clearance of 99mTc-DTPA (MW = 492) as an index of permeability. In term rabbits, clearance was faster at 1 h of age than at hourly ti...
Published in Biology of the neonate
Fifteen preterm infants suffering from respiratory distress syndrome were randomly allocated to receive either high-dose (200 mg/kg) or low-dose (100 mg/kg) surfactant treatment. Retreatments were done with the low dose. Blood pressure, blood gases and cerebral blood flow velocities were determined before and after 24 bolus instillations. With the ...
Published in Biology of the neonate
The role of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and polyamines in kidney growth during the postnatal development of mice and the influence of testosterone were investigated. A marked sexual dimorphism in renal size was evident after the 3rd week of life, corresponding with the rise in circulating testosterone and the increase in renal ODC and urinary exc...
Published in Biology of the neonate
Reinfection with rubella is possible. The real risk for fetus and newborn is not known, as are the incidences of rubella reinfection during pregnancy and congenital rubella infection after maternal reinfection.
Published in Biology of the neonate
To test the hypothesis that indomethacin, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, reduces free radical-induced brain cell membrane changes during cerebral hypoxia, we determined levels of brain cell membrane lipid peroxidation products and Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity as indicators of free radical production and membrane function, respectively, in 29 newborn p...
