Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
Abstract—This review presents data on the study of the structure, physicochemical properties, and biological activity of extracellular protein-peptide complexes that participate in intercellular adhesion and activate cellular sources of regeneration in vertebrate tissues. Protein-peptide complex consists of certain isoforms of serum albumin and pep...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
Abstract—The conversion of methionine to methionine sulfoxide (MetO) is one of the most common oxidative modifications in proteins due to the special susceptibility of methionine to oxidative conditions. Methionine oxidation can affect the protein structure and function, while the level of MetO increases with the development of oxidative stress. Mo...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a set of hematological diseases characterized by clonal expansion of immature myeloid precursors. Chemotherapy is one of the main methods of AML treatment. However, the emergence of drug resistance in leukemic cells, which is a serious obstacle to the treatment of the disease, worsens the clinical outcome. To...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractOpioid-receptor ligands are important factors in the regulation of immune responses. It is known that opioid peptides are secreted into the blood during stress; in addition, they are produced in inflammation foci by cells of the immune system and have antinociceptive and immunoregulatory effects of the paracrine and endocrine type via inter...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractThe nucleolus is the main subnuclear compartment in which ribosome biogenesis occurs. Also, the nucleolus is the center of the stress response and is involved in the regulation of many processes, in particular, cell-cycle progression, aging, and apoptosis. New data also link the nucleolus with control of the genome stability and the develop...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractThe presented analytical literature review makes it possible to compare the adaptive capabilities of two closely related species of ixodid ticks, Ixodes persulcatus and I. ricinus, the main hosts and vectors of the most common and epidemically significant obligate, transmissible, natural focal infections in Eurasia—ixodic tick-borne borreli...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractThe genes for long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely represented in mammals, but their functions remain largely unknown. One possible way to study lncRNAs is a detailed comparison of various characteristics of lncRNA and protein-coding genes, since there is extensive information on the functions of the latter. A feature of protein-coding ...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractAn urgent task in modern biology and medicine is the study of the biologically active substances that can correct functional cellular activity that has been weakened by various pathologic processes. The neuroprotective properties of short peptides are analyzed in the review with a study of the conditioned reflex in the honey-bee Apis mellif...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractThe data on gill ionocyte functions and the effects of hormones on the ion exchange in fish are summarized. The ionocytes found in freshwater zebrafish, HR (H+-ATPase-rich), NaR (Na+/K+-ATPase-rich), NCCC (Na+-Cl–-cotransporters expressing cells), SLC26C (solute transporter 26 expressing cells), and KE (K+-excreting cells), are described. I...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
Abstract—Prenatal stress of any etiology is an integral factor of evolution. The activation of epigenetic processes by increased levels of maternal glucocorticoids changes the life path of newborns in unpredictable ways. Different stressors at different time points of embryogenesis will have different consequences, which also dynamically interact w...
