Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
This is a review of data on the impact of COVID-19 on blood clotting. An important feature of the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the SARS-Co-2 coronavirus is the risk of thrombotic complications including microvascular thrombosis, venous thromboembolism, and stroke. These thrombotic complications, like thrombocytopenia,...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
The intestinal barrier (IB) is a system of diffusion barriers separating the intestinal chyme and blood. The aim of the review is to identify the role of IB dysfunction in the formation of critical states of the body and to substantiate ways to prevent these states. Toxic substances produced by normal intestinal microflora are characterized. The in...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
This review presents, in detail and from multiple angles, the classification of diseases of the immune system during different periods of a person’s life, including immune-associated and immune-dependent diseases, their phenomenology, disease triggers, and the mechanisms of regulation of immune reactivity.
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
The most common clinical manifestation of COVID-19 is bilateral pneumonia, a diffuse, alveolar injury with severe microangiopathy. Systemic infection is accompanied by an increase in circulating chemokines and interleukins in the blood, which penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and enter the brain. Clinical materials indicate lesions of the bra...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
An analysis of the molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms of COVID-19 is presented. The endothelium of blood vessels, a kind of “endocrine tree” of the lungs and other organs in which important pathophysiological processes are concentrated, is considered as the target of the aggressive effects of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Since the main cell...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractA regular change of fur is of particularly important for small insectivores and rodents, since these animals exist under conditions of constant thermal deficits and spend a lot of time in the forest floor and burrows and constantly make contact with hard substrate. According to studies, the timing and intensity of molting depend on the envi...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractIt is known that an anastomosis (from Greek) is “an opening connecting tubular structures.” However, the previously described interneuronal, fiber, nonsynaptic connections were usually considered commissural, and their appearance was hypothetically associated with not the usual division but often the repeated division of neuronal nuclei and...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractFour variants of experimental models of sepsis are discussed: injection, surgical, burn, and models of pneumonia with transition to sepsis. The positive and negative aspects of each of them are analyzed. It is noted that the optimal choice of animals is the most important condition for successful sepsis modeling. Some aspects of anatomy, ph...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractThe mechanisms of the reception and transmission of an acoustic signal in birds have been studied. For this, the mechanisms of acoustic isolation in birds have been analyzed, the construction of distress and alarm signals in various bird species has been studied, and the variation of the signal to ensure individuality within the boundaries ...
Published in Biology Bulletin Reviews
AbstractCoronavirus pandemic, is a continuing catastrophe (COVID-19) triggered by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus passes into the target cells by attaching itself to a receptor i.e., Human Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2). It consists of Spike structures created from glycoproteins that promote the viru...
