Separation of aerosols by structured packings / Abscheidung von Aerosolen mit strukturierten Packungen

Aerosols are a suspension of solid or liquid particles in gas. The size of particles ranges from about 0.001 #mu#m to 100 #mu#m. The concentration of aerosol varies from 10"2 1/cm"3 to 10"9 1/cm"3. Before industrialisation aerosols came from natural sources, for example, salt particles from ocean spray or smog from volcanic eruption. But nowadays aerosols are also produced in the industry, such as automobiles, industrial combustion processes with coal, biomass or waste, and so on. These aerosols affect not only visibility and climate, but also our health and quality of the life. The European directive 1999/30/EG (1999) sets stringent limits for sub-micron particle immission in the air until year 2010. The new TA-Luft and the 17. BImSchV have set stringent particle emission limits for waste incinerators in Germany. Therefore, aerosols or particles in flue gas from industrial combustion processes have to be separated before the flue gas emits into the air. The goal of this work is to develop a low-cost process to decrease sub-micron particles in flue gas from waste incinerator. This thesis reports the experimental investigations and theoretical study on separation of particles in flue gas from waste incinerator. A simple process has been developed in this work for separation of sub-micron particles in flue gas from waste incinerator. This process consists of a quench, a packed column trickled with circulation water, a Multiwir-packing trickled with water and a Kimre-droplet-separator. The FLUENT-simulation indicates in the Multiwir-packung three flows: kernel flow in canal (Z), half-spiral canal-comprehensive flow in a packing layer (N) and direction-changed flow in the near of packing wall (U). By the flows Z and N the particles are separated weakly. In contrast by the flow U the particles are separated considerably. The result of the simulation is very well consistent with the experiment result. Furthermore, the experimental curves of separation efficiency are approximately simulated. The calculation indicates that the temperature of flue gas plays an important role for the particle separation. (orig.) / Available from TIB Hannover: ZA5141(7062) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische Informationsbibliothek / SIGLE / DE / Germany