PARP-1 deficiency increases the severity of disease in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.
- Authors
- Type
- Published Article
- Journal
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Publication Date
- Sep 18, 2009
- Volume
- 284
- Issue
- 38
- Pages
- 26070–26084
- Identifiers
- DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M109.013474
- PMID: 19628872
- Source
- Medline
- Language
- English
- License
- Unknown
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several central nervous system (CNS) disorders. However, the role of PARP-1 in autoimmune CNS injury remains poorly understood. Therefore, we studied experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model for multiple sclerosis in mice with a targeted deletion of PARP-1. We identified inherent physiological abnormalities in the circulating and splenic immune composition between PARP-1(-/-) and wild type (WT) mice. Upon EAE induction, PARP-1(-/-) mice had an earlier onset and developed a more severe EAE compared with WT cohorts. Splenic response was significantly higher in PARP-1(-/-) mice largely because of B cell expansion. Although formation of Th1 and Th17 effector T lymphocytes was unaffected, PARP-1(-/-) mice had significantly earlier CD4+ T lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration into the CNS during EAE. However, we did not detect significant differences in cytokine profiles between PARP-1(-/-) and WT spinal cords at the peak of EAE. Expression analysis of different PARP isozymes in EAE spinal cords showed that PARP-1 was down-regulated in WT mice and that PARP-3 but not PARP-2 was dramatically up-regulated in both PARP-1(-/-) and WT mice, suggesting that these PARP isozymes could have distinct roles in different CNS pathologies. Together, our results indicate that PARP-1 plays an important role in regulating the physiological immune composition and in immune modulation during EAE; our finding identifies a new aspect of immune regulation by PARPs in autoimmune CNS pathology.
