# Modified formulas for calculation of encephalization: quotient in dogs

Authors
• 1 Federal University of Agriculture, Benue State, Makurdi, Nigeria , Makurdi (Nigeria)
Type
Published Article
Journal
BMC Research Notes
Publisher
Springer (Biomed Central Ltd.)
Publication Date
Jun 03, 2021
Volume
14
Issue
1
Identifiers
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05638-0
Source
Springer Nature
Keywords
ObjectiveDogs are a breed of animals that play important roles in security service, companionship, hunting, guard, work and models of research for application in humans. Intelligence is the key factor to success in life, most especially for dogs that are used for security purposes at the airports, seaports, public places, houses, schools and farms. However, it has been reported that there is correlation between intelligence, body weight, height and craniometry in human. In view of this, literatures were searched on body weight, height and body surface areas of ten dogs with intent to determining their comparative level of intelligence using encephalization quotient.ResultsFindings revealed that dogs have relationship of brain allometry with human as proven by encephalization quotient EQ=Brain Mass/0.14×Body weight0.528,Brain Mass/0.12×Body Weight0.66\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\left( {{\text{EQ}}} \right)\, = \,{\text{Brain Mass}}/0.{14}\, \times \,{\text{Body weight}}^{{0.{528}}} ,{\text{ Brain Mass}}/0.{12}\, \times \,{\text{Body Weight}}^{{0.{66}}}$$\end{document}and Brain Mass (E) = kpβ, where p is the body weight; k = 0.14 and β = 0.528, respectively. Saganuwa’s formula yielded better results as compared with the other formulas. Dogs with body surface area (BSA), weight and height similar to that of human are the most intelligent. Doberman pinscher is the most intelligent followed by German shepherd, Labrador retriever, Golden retriever, respectively.