Lithium containing layered high entropy oxide structures

Junbo Wang; Yanyan Cui; Qingsong Wang; Kai Wang; Xiaohui Huang; David Stenzel; Abhishek Sarkar; Raheleh Azmi; Thomas Bergfeldt; Subramshu S. Bhattacharya; Robert Kruk; Horst Hahn; Simon Schweidler; Torsten Brezesinski; Ben Breitung

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75134-1

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Lithium containing layered high entropy oxide structures

Authors

Wang, Junbo¹
Cui, Yanyan¹
Wang, Qingsong¹
Wang, Kai²
Huang, Xiaohui²
Stenzel, David¹
Sarkar, Abhishek^{1, 3}
Azmi, Raheleh¹
Bergfeldt, Thomas¹
Bhattacharya, Subramshu S.⁴
Kruk, Robert¹
Hahn, Horst^{1, 3, 5}
Schweidler, Simon¹
Brezesinski, Torsten¹
Breitung, Ben¹

¹ Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany , Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen (Germany)
² Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, Darmstadt, 64287, Germany , Darmstadt (Germany)
³ Joint Research Laboratory Nanomaterials – Technische Universität Darmstadt and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Otto-Berndt-Str. 3, Darmstadt, 64206, Germany , Darmstadt (Germany)
⁴ Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India , Chennai (India)
⁵ Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstr. 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany , Ulm (Germany)

Type

Published Article

Journal

Scientific Reports

Publisher

Springer Nature

Publication Date

Oct 28, 2020

Volume

10

Issue

1

Identifiers

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75134-1

Source

Springer Nature

License

Green

Abstract

Layered Delafossite-type Lix(M1M2M3M4M5…Mn)O2 materials, a new class of high-entropy oxides, were synthesized by nebulized spray pyrolysis and subsequent high-temperature annealing. Various metal species (M = Ni, Co, Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Cr, Ti, Zr, Cu) could be incorporated into this structure type, and in most cases, single-phase oxides were obtained. Delafossite structures are well known and the related materials are used in different fields of application, especially in electrochemical energy storage (e.g., LiNixCoyMnzO2 [NCM]). The transfer of the high-entropy concept to this type of materials and the successful structural replication enabled the preparation of novel compounds with unprecedented properties. Here, we report on the characterization of a series of Delafossite-type high-entropy oxides by means of TEM, SEM, XPS, ICP-OES, Mössbauer spectroscopy, XRD including Rietveld refinement analysis, SAED and STEM mapping and discuss about the role of entropy stabilization. Our experimental data indicate the formation of uniform solid-solution structures with some Li/M mixing.

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