Integrated total analysis systems

In water analysis,the demand of monitoring systems with the ability of operating as stand-alone measurement systems becomes more important. There is a multiplicity of different sensor systems with different sensing techniques reported and presented. Commercially available measurements systems for total water analysis that also fulfill the requirements for on site measurements of multiple pollutants are currently limited. Optical measurement techniques offer a multitude of basic approaches. Especially the field of spectroscopy can supply the operator with good solutions. Some of the reported promising techniques are still under development but many of them have the ability to lead to robust and sensitive measurement systems.