Il digitale al cuore delle (tras)mutazioni delle scritture e delle realtà italiane
- Authors
- Publication Date
- Nov 30, 2023
- Source
- HAL
- Keywords
- Language
- Italian
- License
- Unknown
- External links
Abstract
The aim of this thesis is to study the transformations that the digital has brought to contemporary Italian writing, in the context of the radical changes caused by computer technologies on a global scale. These changes are inextricably linked to writing, since in the digital world everything is written (in the form of computer code) and many recent scientific discoveries, which change our perception and understanding of reality, are due to the increase in computational power. Our research begins with an analysis of the role of technique and technology, and then draws on the tools of cultural and literary criticism. These theoretical foundations enable us to approach the examination of the Italian writings chosen as case studies with an important interdisciplinary opening, within the field of Digital Humanities. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first opens with a philosophical and social analysis of technology and, in particular, digital technologies, highlighting the constitutive aspects (primarily economic and political) that influence users/consumers and their choices. The focus is on writing as technology, and on the future of writing in the digital environment (first chapter). We then turn to more traditional themes of cultural and literary criticism, highlighting in particular the changes that digital technology has brought about and is bringing about in the analysis of genre (genre of writing rather than literary genre), realism and writing's relationship to reality and, finally, the figure of the author (second chapter). The second part opens with a brief analysis of contemporary Italy (third chapter), based on the relationship between literacy - including technological literacy - populism, media and writing. This allows us to introduce the writings we present as case studies. These are niche writings, chosen for their ability to establish a profound relationship with the digital technology that makes them possible. We analyze the poems of Nuova poesia troll, the literary/informatic experiments of Fabrizio Venerandi, the multimedia hip hop of Uochi Toki and the writings/performances of Salvatore Iaconesi and Oriana Persico (fourth chapter). The analysis of these Italian writings leads us to discover new questions linked to the relationship between human writing and digital media and, therefore, to seek answers to these questions. The third and final part focuses first on writing produced by "artificial intelligence" and the creative uses writers make of it (fifth chapter). This reflection deals with themes such as the definition of intelligence (human and machine) and that of consciousness, both of which have been called into question by technological and scientific progress. To identify theoretical paths that bring these different elements together, we include disciplines such as neuroscience and biotechnology in our journey to highlight the fact that human writing, computer code (and AI writing) and genetic writing (notably CRISPR-Cas9) are closer than we think, starting with the fact that they are different forms of information transfer.
