Essential role of Cp190 in physical and regulatory boundary formation.
- Authors
- Type
- Published Article
- Journal
- Science Advances
- Publisher
- American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
- Publication Date
- May 13, 2022
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 19
- Identifiers
- DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl8834
- PMID: 35559678
- Source
- Medline
- Language
- English
- License
- Unknown
Abstract
Boundaries in animal genomes delimit contact domains with enhanced internal contact frequencies and have debated functions in limiting regulatory cross-talk between domains and guiding enhancers to target promoters. Most mammalian boundaries form by stalling of chromosomal loop-extruding cohesin by CTCF, but most Drosophila boundaries form CTCF independently. However, how CTCF-independent boundaries form and function remains largely unexplored. Here, we assess genome folding and developmental gene expression in fly embryos lacking the ubiquitous boundary-associated factor Cp190. We find that sequence-specific DNA binding proteins such as CTCF and Su(Hw) directly interact with and recruit Cp190 to form most promoter-distal boundaries. Cp190 is essential for early development and prevents regulatory cross-talk between specific gene loci that pattern the embryo. Cp190 was, in contrast, dispensable for long-range enhancer-promoter communication at tested loci. Cp190 is thus currently the major player in fly boundary formation and function, revealing that diverse mechanisms evolved to partition genomes into independent regulatory domains.
