Designing a Just Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading System: An exploration of actions to be performed by the Municipality of Rotterdam to approach a just peer-to-peer energy trading system for the community of Bospolder-Tussendijken

The rapid development of renewable technologies has opened the opportunity for households to produce their own energy, and to either self-consume or sell it. In the Netherlands, it is projected that not less than 7 GW of solar PV capacity will be installed in 2020. Therefore, the Netherlands is expected to experience abundant energy supply from solar generation in the near future. Energy sharing can be a reliable method to manage a great number of solar PV production. This direct sharing might reduce the strain and improve the stability of the main grid because it lessens the power to be transported and balanced across the main grid. Such an energy sharing method is also known as <i>peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading.</i> Despite its potential benefits, the pre-established requirements to perform such trading can be perceived unjust for some communities, such as for the community of Bospolder-Tussendijken in Rotterdam-West which can be considered as one of the poor communities in the Netherlands. As an illustration, P2P energy trading by design requires people to own solar PV to generate distributed power, in which not everybody could afford it economically. This study is then aimed at specifying a set of norms for a just P2P energy trading system by operationalising the framework of <i>value-hierarchy</i>. Accordingly, the abstract level of energy justice as a value will be translated into a more concrete set of norms, and the practical actions to support the realisation of those norms in Bospolder-Tussendijken will be suggested to the Municipality of Rotterdam. This set of justice norms for P2P energy trading is expected can guide the system a step closer to be a just energy innovation. / Complex Systems Engineering and Management (CoSEM)