Hot Topics in Cellular Neuropathology II: Promoting Neuronal Plasticity in the Injured Central Nervous System
Published in Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Ca2+ Regulates Dimerization of the BAR Domain Protein PICK1 and Consequent Membrane Curvature
Published in Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs (BAR) domain proteins are critical regulators of membrane geometry. They induce and stabilize membrane curvature for processes, such as clathrin-coated pit formation and endosomal membrane tubulation. BAR domains form their characteristic crescent-shaped structure in the dimeric form, indicating that the formation of the dimer i...
The Role of Transposable Elements of the Human Genome in Neuronal Function and Pathology
Transposable elements (TEs) have been extensively studied for decades. In recent years, the introduction of whole-genome and whole-transcriptome approaches, as well as single-cell resolution techniques, provided a breakthrough that uncovered TE involvement in host gene expression regulation underlying multiple normal and pathological processes. Of ...
The Small Molecule GAL-201 Efficiently Detoxifies Soluble Amyloid β Oligomers: New Approach towards Oral Disease-Modifyi...
Soluble amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers have been shown to be highly toxic to neurons and are considered to be a major cause of the neurodegeneration underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD). That makes soluble Aβ oligomers a promising drug target. In addition to eliminating these toxic species from the patients’ brain with antibody-based drugs, a new class of...
The Yin and Yang of GABAergic and Glutamatergic Synaptic Plasticity: Opposites in Balance by Crosstalking Mechanisms
Published in Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience
Synaptic plasticity is a critical process that regulates neuronal activity by allowing neurons to adjust their synaptic strength in response to changes in activity. Despite the high proximity of excitatory glutamatergic and inhibitory GABAergic postsynaptic zones and their functional integration within dendritic regions, concurrent plasticity has h...
Inhibitory Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity Can Account for Pathological Strengthening of Pallido-Subthalamic Synapses ...
Published in Frontiers in Physiology
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative brain disorder associated with dysfunction of the basal ganglia (BG) circuitry. Dopamine (DA) depletion in experimental PD models leads to the pathological strengthening of pallido-subthalamic synaptic connections, contributing to the emergence of abnormally synchronized neuronal activity in the exter...
Microglia as a Hub for Suicide Neuropathology: Future Investigation and Prevention Targets
Published in Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Suicide is a complex public health challenge associated worldwide with one death every 40 s. Research advances in the neuropathology of suicidal behaviors (SB) have defined discrete brain changes which may hold the key to suicide prevention. Physiological differences in microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, are present in post-mortem t...
Aerobic Physical Exercise as a Non-medical Intervention for Brain Dysfunction: State of the Art and Beyond
Published in Frontiers in Neurology
Brain disorders, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and chronic pain, are difficult to effectively treat. These major brain disorders have high incidence and mortality rates in the general population, and seriously affect not only the patient's quality of life, but also increases the burden of social medical care. Aerobic physical e...
Hippocampus-related cognitive disorders develop in the absence of epilepsy and ataxia in the heterozygous Cacna1a mutant...
Published in Channels
CACNA1A -associated epilepsy and ataxia frequently accompany cognitive impairments as devastating co-morbidities. However, it is unclear whether the cognitive deficits are consequences secondary to the neurological symptoms elicited by CACNA1A mutations. To address this issue, Cacna1a mutant mice tottering ( tg ), and in particular tg /+ heterozygo...
KL1 Domain of Longevity Factor Klotho Mimics the Metabolome of Cognitive Stimulation and Enhances Cognition in Young and...
...Published in The Journal of Neuroscience
Cognitive deficits are a major biomedical challenge—and engagement of the brain in stimulating tasks improves cognition in aged individuals ( Wilson et al., 2002 ; Gates et al., 2011 ) and rodents ( Aidil-Carvalho et al., 2017 ), through unknown mechanisms. Whether cognitive stimulation alters specific metabolic pathways in the brain is unknown. Un...
