Sorption of pymetrozine and dimethomorph to substrate materials
Sinds 2004 wordt een beslismodel (beslisboom) gebruikt om te beoordelen in welke mate een gewasbeschermingsmiddel uitspoelt naar het grondwater. Uit een evaluatie van het RIVM, het College voor de toelating van gewasbeschermingsmiddelen en biociden (Ctgb) en onderzoekinstituut Alterra blijkt dat de beslisboom goed werkt en state of the art is. Wel ...
The mobility of contaminants in soil is an important factor in determining their ability to spread into the wider environment. For non-volatile substances, transport within the soil is generally dominated by transport of dissolved fractions in the soil water phase, via either diffusion or convection. During this process the mobility of reactive ion...
Sorption to sediment controlsthe actual fate and risks ofhydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs)in most aquatic environments. Sediment-bound HOCs are not readily available for uptake by organisms and degradation, and their mobility is drastically reduced as compared to dissolved chemicals. Sorption of HOCs to sediment is generally being considered ...
The kinetics and equilibria of sorption of the divalent metal ions cobalt and nickel onto anaerobic granular sludge are described. Single component and binary equimolar systems were studied at different pH values (pH 6, 7 and 8). The kinetic modelling of metal sorption by anaerobic granular sludge has been carried out using Lagergren equationsThe k...
The feasibility of the so-called BIOFIX-process to treat municipal wastewater was investigated in a pilot-plant. The innovative element of this process is that carrier material to which a biofilm is attached is recirculated between a sorption reactor to take up COD from the wastewater and a reactor where this COD is used for (post-) denitrification...
The availability of organic contaminants in soils or sediments for microbial degradation or removal by physical means (e.g.) soil washing or soil venting) depends on the desorption kinetics of these contaminants from the soil matrix. When the organic contaminants desorb very slow from the soil matrix, remediation of polluted sites may be hampered. ...