Published in Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application
Knowledge of causal effects is of great importance to decision makers in a wide variety of settings. In many cases, however, these causal effects are not known to the decision makers and need to be estimated from data. This fundamental problem has been known and studied for many years in many disciplines. In the past thirty years, however, the amou...
Published in Frontiers in Public Health
Regression discontinuity design (RDD) is a quasi-experimental approach to study the causal effect of an exposure on later outcomes by exploiting the discontinuity in the exposure probability at an assignment variable cut-off. With the intent of facilitating the use of RDD in the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) research, we descr...
Published in Economics
The objective of this work is to estimate the effects of political turnover on municipal health indicators. For this purpose, we used a regression discontinuity design applied to a pool of data on close municipal elections that occurred in 2008 and 2012. The outcome variables tested were municipal health indicators observed 1 and 3 years after the ...
Abstract: Following Efron (2014), we propose an algorithm for estimating treatment effects for use by researchers employing a regression-discontinuity (RD) design. This algorithm generates a set of estimates of the treatment effect from bootstrapped samples, wherein the polynomial-selection algorithm developed by Pei, Lee, Card, and Weber (2021) is...
Published in Journal of learning disabilities
More than two-thirds of middle school students do not read proficiently. Research has shown that targeted interventions using explicit instruction methods can improve reading outcomes for struggling readers. A central feature of explicit instruction is the systematic implementation of instructional interactions, but it is not clear what specific in...
Abstract Objective: Several countries implement the daylight saving time (DST) policy for energy saving purposes. However, by artificially changing the distribution of daylight, this practice can have unforeseen effects. The objective of this work is to measure the impact of DST on road accidents in Mexico. Methodology: Using hourly data, two empir...
Published in Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
Purpose To distinguish the effects of age and grade on the development of myopia. Methods Grade 1 (n = 1465, mean age 6.71 ± 0.29 years; 53.5% male) and Grade 2 students (n = 1381, mean age 7.76 ± 0.30 years; 52.5% male) were examined in 2018, with a follow-up examination in 2019. Cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE) in diopter (D) was measured. R...
Published in Evaluation review
Regression discontinuity is popular in finding treatment/policy effects when the treatment is determined by a continuous variable crossing a cutoff. Typically, a local linear regression (LLR) estimator is used to find the effects. For binary response, however, LLR is not suitable in extrapolating the treatment, as in doubling/tripling the treatment...
Published in Health services research
To examine the effects of Medicare eligibility and enrollment on the use of high-value and low-value care services. The 2002-2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. We employed a regression discontinuity design, which exploits the discontinuity in eligibility for Medicare at age 65 and compares individuals just before and after age 65. Our primary o...
Published in American journal of epidemiology
Estimating real-world vaccine effectiveness is vital to assessing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination program and informing the ongoing policy response. However, estimating vaccine effectiveness using observational data is inherently challenging because of the nonrandomized design and potential for unmeasured confounding. We used a ...
