Description du sujet. Pour la zone écologique du Moyen-Ouest des plateaux d'altitude de Madagascar, six variétés de riz pluvial ont été sélectionnées par un programme de recherche. Objectifs. Il s'agit d'évaluer leur potentiel de diffusion en milieu réel. Méthode. Elles ont été co-évaluées sur un réseau de 20 fermes de référence pendant deux années...
Salinity is becoming a serious threat to global food security, as it can significantly reduce crop yields and irreversibly damage soil fertility. Moreover, this problem is currently exacerbated by the impact of climate change, especially in drylands. Hence, introducing and adapting salinity-tolerant species, such as quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa, Will...
All over the world, sugarcane breeding programs are developing new, high-yielding cultivars that are resistant to major diseases to improve the profitability and sustainability of the sugar-energy industries they serve. In Reunion Island, sugarcane genetic improvement efforts began in 1929. Many challenges had to be overcome. Continuous breeding ef...
Sour oranges (Citrus aurantium L.) are well known in the processing and cosmetics industries for the aromatic properties of their essential oils. Intercultivar genetic and aromatic diversity is not well documented. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of morphological selection and genetic mechanisms of varietal diversification (m...
Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is an important Neotropical crop originating in South America and dispersed by European explorers, arriving in Madagascar in the late 19th century. Although Madagascar is an important producer of cocoa for the premium chocolate market, the varietal composition and genetic diversity in cacao germplasm from Madagascar, espe...
Stable and sufficient food supplies are increasingly threatened by climatic variability, in particular extreme heat events. Intraspecific crop diversity may be an important biological resource to both understand and maintain crop resilience to extreme conditions. Here using data from a mass field experiment screening for heat tolerance in sweet pot...
Increasing the cultivated diversity has been identified as a major leverage for the agroecological transition as it can help improve the resilience of low input cropping systems. For wheat, which is the most cultivated crop worldwide in terms of harvested area, the use of cultivar mixtures is spreading in several countries, but studies have seldom ...
Rainfed crop production predominates in West Africa. Rice is an important staple food, especially in Senegal. The scope for increase in rice production under irrigated conditions is uncertain. Rainfed rice is therefore a key component for regional food security impelling agronomists to assess climate change impact on rainfed rice yield and to desig...
So far, the main Arabica coffee breeding programmes in Latin America have focused on the selection of varieties adapted to intensive full-sun farming systems. Meanwhile, little attention has been paid to breeding varieties specifically adapted to shade, which is the main characteristic of agroforestry systems (AFS). Yet the specialty coffee sector ...
Orange rust of sugarcane caused by Puccinia kuehnii was first reported in Florida in 2007. Since then, several sugarcane cultivars that were resistant during the initial epidemics became susceptible within a few years. These shifts in resistance were attributed to the evolution of the pathogen and appearance of new races. To study the variation in ...
