This thesis deals with the representation of the exchange of energy, momentum and chemically reactive compounds between the land, covered by high vegetation, and the lowest part of the atmosphere, named as atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). The study presented in this thesis introduces the roughness sublayer (RSL), the layer just above the tall vege...
In this Section, we summarize the most important findings and relevant issues treated in detail in Chapters 2 to 5. The primary conclusion of this thesis is that it is necessary to take aerosols into account to accurately describe the convective atmospheric boundary-layer (CBL) dynamics and the land-surface processes. We reached this conclusion by ...
Thesis entitled: Modelling Stable Atmospheric Boundary Layers over Snow H.A.M. Sterk Wageningen, 29th of April, 2015 Summary The emphasis of this thesis is on the understanding and forecasting of the Stable Boundary Layer (SBL) over snow-covered surfaces. SBLs typically form at night and in polar regions (especially in winter), when radiative cooli...
Wat het hitte-eilandeffect is, weet iedereen zo langzamerhand wel. In de stad is het – vooral ’s avonds en ’s nachts – vaak warmer dan op het platteland. De stad slaat overdag energie op en straalt die ’s nachts weer uit. Maar op een rustige en heldere zomerdag kan het ’s ochtends in de stad zomaar een paar graden koeler zijn dan op het omringende ...
This textbook provides an introduction to the interactions between the atmosphere and the land for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and a reference text for researchers in atmospheric physics and chemistry, hydrology, and plant physiology. The combination of the book, which provides the essential theoretical concepts, and the associated...
Diurnal evolution of organic aerosol over boreal and tropical forests The first research question of this thesis is: how do local surface forcings and large-scale meteorological forcings shape the evolution of organic aerosol over the boreal and tropical forest? This question is dealt with in Chapters 3 and 4 in case studies for the boreal and trop...
Improving our knowledge of the atmospheric processes that drive climate and air quality is very relevant for society. The application of this knowledge enables us to predict and mitigate the effects of human induced perturbations to our environment. Key factors in the current and future climate evolution are related to the emissions and atmospheric...
Single-column models (SCMs) are widely employed to evaluate boundary-layer parametrizations under well-controlled conditions. To compare SCM results to observations, these models must be driven by realistic forcings of the three-dimensional (3D) atmospheric state. However, these forcings are inherently uncertain. The central research question is th...
The paper describes a numerical interpretation of the April 2007 CarboEurope Regional Experiment Strategy (CERES) campaign, devotedto the study of CO2 cycle at the regional scale. The four consecutive clear sky days with intensive observations of CO2 concentration, 5 fluxes at the the surface and in the boundary layer have been simulated with the M...
It is common knowledge that in the evening the wind close to the ground drops. However, it is less well known that at the same time the wind at a few hundreds of meters height can strongly accelerate. In this case, the vertical wind-profile shows a distinct maximum. This phenomenon is called nocturnal low-level jet (LLJ). Knowledge of the LLJ is re...
