Nanocrystals with a dimension below their excitonic Bohr radius can provide size-tunable optoelectronic properties, enabling on-demand tailoring of properties for specific applications. Especially, the advance of wet chemistry synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals makes them promising building blocks for the next-generation solution-processible low-c...
Le contexte de ma thèse se situe dans le cadre de l’imagerie multispectrale infrarouge (IR) et traite notamment de la plasmonique, domaine de l’optique électromagnétique dont le but est d’étudier et d’exploiter des ondes de surface existant à l’interface entre un métal et un diélectrique. On cherche à miniaturiser des fonctions optiques grâce aux n...
La mission Franco-chinoise SVOM (Space based multi-band Variable astronomical Object Monitor), est dédiée à l’étude des sursauts gamma intenses et brèves bouffées de photons en X et gamma, associées à la formation catastrophique de trous noirs. SVOM embarquera en 2021 quatre instruments observant du visible jusqu’auxrayonnements gamma. ECLAIRs, tél...
Josephson junctions are the building blocks of superconducting electronics. They are made of two superconductors separated by an insulating barrier. In this thesis, we present two experiments where the insulating barrier is replaced by a semiconductor.In the first one, we study nanowires in the regime of Coulomb blockade, where the number of electr...
Laser-assisted Atom Probe Tomography (La-APT) is a powerful tool for investigating the 3D atomic distribution of the chemical species in a wide variety of semiconductor materials. However, important compositional biases affect atom probe analyses revealing a non-stoichiometric composition. In the thesis a systematic study of selected binary (GaN, G...
This thesis focuses on the development of luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals quantum dots (QDs) for photoinduced applications. QDs are promising nanomaterials with size-dependent optical properties and are attractive for applications in several fields.However, QDs are commonly hydrophobic and many interesting applications require their compatib...
In order to optimally use new semiconductor materials in electronics or optics, one needs to understand their “electronic structure”, that is, the mutual placement of the electron energy levels concerned by the processes of absorption / emission of a photon. The electronic properties, which depend on the material’s chemical composition and crystal ...
La recherche d’alternatives aux compteurs neutroniques à hélium 3 forme un thème de premier plan dans l’instrumentation nucléaire contemporaine. La section efficace de l’élément gadolinium pour la capture des neutrons thermiques en fait un candidat prometteur. L’objectif de cette thèse est de dimensionner et d’évaluer des schémas de comptage fondés...
Among other characteristics, the ideal memory should have low power consumption, fast read/write/erase and high density solution. Different types of memories have been developed to pursuit these specific properties. Example of this attempt is the eSTM (Embedded Select Trench Memory). This PhD work studies the characterization and optimization of th...
Les protocoles de cryptographie quantique basés sur l’utilisation de paires de photons intriqués montrent une meilleure robustesse aux pertes que ceux qui utilisent des photons uniques ou des lasers atténués [1]. Ils permettent donc la distribution de clés secrètes quantiques (QKD) sur des distances plus importantes. Par ailleurs, ils permettent de...
