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Mesostriatal dopamine is sensitive to changes in specific cue-reward contingencies.

Learning causal relationships relies on understanding how often one event precedes another. To investigate how dopamine neuron activity and neurotransmitter release change when a retrospective relationship is degraded for a specific pair of events, we used outcome-selective Pavlovian contingency degradation in rats. Conditioned responding was atten...

Experimental and Numerical studies of granular platforms reinforced by geosynthetics laid over soft subgrade soil

Poor subgrade quality is a pervasive challenge in the construction of unpaved roads. Geosynthetics (GSYs) have emerged as innovative solutions since their initial usage in the late 1970s. Depending on the type of GSY employed, they can fulfil one or several roles, including separation, reinforcement by tensioned membrane effects, and stabilization ...

Investigation of 3D printed CF-PETG composites' tensile behaviors: Synergizing simulative and real-world explorations

This paper presents an experimental and numerical analysis of carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polymer (CF-PETG) made using fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology on dumbbell-shaped specimens under static tensile tests for both honeycomb (NIDA) and rectilinear (RECT) fill patterns at different infill densities (20%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). T...

Rubber cord adhesion inflation test: Influence of envelope/confinement friction

The Rubber Cord Adhesion Inflation Test (RCAIT), has been previously introduced as an alternative test protocol to traditional pull-out tests for measuring the toughness of rubber matrix to metal reinforcement interfaces. A pressurized fluid is injected in between the matrix and reinforcement in a non-adherend region to initiate and propagate a cra...

Pramipexole Enhances Reward Learning by Preserving Value Estimates.

Published in Biological psychiatry

Dopamine D2-like agonists show promise as treatments for depression. They are thought to act by enhancing reward learning; however, the mechanisms by which they achieve this are not clear. Reinforcement learning accounts describe 3 distinct candidate mechanisms: increased reward sensitivity, increased inverse decision-temperature, and decreased val...

Expanding horizons in reinforcement learning for curious exploration and creative planning

Curiosity and creativity are expressions of the trade-off between leveraging that with which we are familiar or seeking out novelty. Through the computational lens of reinforcement learning, we describe how formulating the value of information seeking and generation via their complementary effects on planning horizons formally captures a range of s...

Evaluation of the Inhibitory Gel andamp-lt-iandamp-gt-Aloe andamp-lt-/iandamp-gt-andamp-lt-iandamp-gt-veraandamp-lt-/ian...

Most reinforced concrete structures in seaside locations suffer from corrosion damage to the reinforcement, limiting their durability and necessitating costly repairs. To improve their performance and durability, we have investigated in this paper Aloe vera extracts as a green corrosion inhibitor for reinforcing steel in NaCl environments. Using el...