En déclarant « Nous sommes tous des architectes » dans un discours adressé en 1979 aux dirigeants du groupe Maisons Phénix, l’architecte Pierre Lajus entend éveiller les consciences sur une responsabilité commune de l’aménagement du territoire français. Afin de sensibiliser les acteurs de la construction au « geste architectural », il crée au sein ...
Published in Plant and Soil
AimsOver the last decade the induced polarization (IP) method has emerged as a promising tool for subsurface investigation with growing interest for biogeophysics.MethodsIn this work, in addition to electrical resistivity methods, IP was tested experimentally as a proxy for identifying and discriminating tree coarse roots from the surrounding soil....
Published in E3S Web of Conferences
Since the beginning of the 20th century, man has domesticated his environment and caused the modification of hydraulic conditions during floods. In parallel, civil engineering has strongly progressed in the domain of hydraulic structures but especially the construction of dams and dikes has also massively increased and part of the population has lo...
The performance assessment of embankment dams in respect to main deterioration mechanisms is a major challenge for managers in charge of their security. One model developed knowledge-based models for assessing the performance of embankment dams. They have three hierarchical levels: performance of the analysed component (embankment, foundations), pe...
Published in Plant and Soil
Background and aimsTree root system structure and development are difficult to assess and poorly understood in natural conditions because of soil heterogeneity and the difficulty in extracting mature tree root systems without damaging them. The purpose of this study was to understand root system development plasticity according to biological and ph...
Published in Plant and Soil
AimsThis study aimed at disentangling the respective influence of species, environment, root size and root type in tree root architecture.MethodThe root system of 106 adult trees from ten species was carefully extracted from French dikes. Root length and proximal diameter, length and diameter of root segments and branch insertion diameter were meas...
En France, plus de 10 000 km de digues fluviales et de canaux, et plusieurs milliers de petits barrages sont concernés par l’entretien et la maîtrise de la végétation qui s’y développe. Végétation qui en constitue un attrait fort, mais qui en même temps entraîne des risques de détérioration. Ce livre comble un manque en termes d’informations, de mé...
The aim of this study was to find a relevant criterion to detect and map tree roots in the surrounding soil. In each experiment, we studied properties of propagation, especially velocity and attenuation of amplitude, as parameters to discriminate the roots from the soil. Our work was initiated by laboratory experiments with an ultrasonic transmissi...
