Improved use of mycorrhizal fungi for upscaling of orchid cultivation and population restoration of endangered orchids i...
status: published
Auto-activation of mycorrhizal symbiosis signaling through gibberellin deactivation in orchid seed germination.
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Published in Plant physiology
Orchids parasitically depend on external nutrients from mycorrhizal fungi for seed germination. Previous findings suggest that orchids utilize a genetic system of mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, in which the plant hormone gibberellin (GA) negatively affects fungal colonization and development, to establish parasitic symbiosis. Al...
Monotropastrum kirishimense (Ericaceae), a new mycoheterotrophic plant from Japan based on multifaceted evidence
Published in Journal of Plant Research
Due to their reduced morphology, non-photosynthetic plants have been one of the most challenging groups to delimit to species level. The mycoheterotrophic genus Monotropastrum , with the monotypic species M. humile , has been a particularly taxonomically challenging group, owing to its highly reduced vegetative and root morphology. Using integrativ...
Phylogenomics, plastome degradation and mycoheterotrophy evolution of Neottieae (Orchidaceae), with emphasis on the syst...
Published in BMC plant biology
Mycoheterotrophy is a unique survival strategy adapted to dense forests and has attracted biologists' attention for centuries. However, its evolutionary origin and related plastome degradation are poorly understood. The tribe Neottieae contains various nutrition types, i.e., autotrophy, mixotrophy, and mycoheterotrophy. Here, we present a comprehen...
Mycorrhizal structures in mycoheterotrophic Thismia spp. (Thismiaceae): functional and evolutionary interpretations
Published in Mycorrhiza
Achlorophyllous, mycoheterotrophic plants often have an elaborate mycorrhizal colonization pattern, allowing a sustained benefit from external fungal root penetrations. The present study reveals the root anatomy and mycorrhizal pattern of eight mycoheterotrophic Thismia spp. (Thismiaceae), all of which show separate tissue compartments segregating ...
The Gastrodia menghaiensis (Orchidaceae) genome provides new insights of orchid mycorrhizal interactions
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Published in BMC Plant Biology
Background To illustrate the molecular mechanism of mycoheterotrophic interactions between orchids and fungi, we assembled chromosome-level reference genome of Gastrodia menghaiensis (Orchidaceae) and analyzed the genomes of two species of Gastrodia . Results Our analyses indicated that the genomes of Gastrodia are globally diminished in comparison...
The Leafless Orchid Cymbidium macrorhizon Performs Photosynthesis in the Pericarp during the Fruiting Season.
Published in Plant & cell physiology
Photosynthesis with highly photoreactive chlorophyll (Chl) provides energy for plant growth but with simultaneous risk of photooxidative damage and photoprotection costs. Although the leafless orchid Cymbidium macrorhizon mostly depends on mycorrhizal fungi for carbon, it accumulates Chl particularly during fruiting and may not be fully mycoheterot...
Reproductive development and genetic structure of the mycoheterotrophic orchid Pogoniopsis schenckii Cogn.
Published in BMC Plant Biology
BackgroundPogoniopsis schenckii Cogn. is a mycoheterotrophic orchid that can be used as a model to understand the influence of mycoheterotrophy at different stages of the reproductive cycle. We aimed to verify the presence of endophytic and epiphytic fungi at each stage of the reproductive process and investigated how the breeding system may relate...
Molecular evidence supports simultaneous association of the achlorophyllous orchid Chamaegastrodia inverta with ectomyco...
Published in BMC Microbiology
BackgroundAchlorophyllous orchids are mycoheterotrophic plants, which lack photosynthetic ability and associate with fungi to acquire carbon from different environmental sources. In tropical latitudes, achlorophyllous forest orchids show a preference to establish mycorrhizal relationships with saprotrophic fungi. However, a few of them have been re...
Morpho-anatomical differences among mycoheterotrophic Afrothismia spp. (Thismiaceae) indicate an evolutionary progressio...
Published in Mycorrhiza
Achlorophyllous, mycoheterotrophic plants depend on their mycorrhizal fungi for 100% of their carbon supply. Hence, there is strong evolutionary pressure towards a well-organized functioning of the association from the plant’s perspective. Members of the mycoheterotrophic genus Afrothismia have evolved elaborate fungal colonization patterns allowin...
