Green, Thomas A Bardo, Michael T
Published in
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
Although developed from a common antecedent, conditioned place preference (CPP) and intravenous drug self-administration (SA) represent different behavioral paradigms, each with strong face validity. The field has treated results from these studies largely interchangeably; however, there is considerable evidence of opposite modulation of CPP vs. SA...
González-Torres, Rodrigo Flores, Julio Orduña, Vladimir
Published in
Behavioural processes
In the study of suboptimal choice, a reliable result is that pigeons strongly prefer an alternative that signals whether a reinforcer will be delivered or not over another alternative without that information even if the first provides a lower probability of reinforcement. In the aforementioned research, key pecking has been the operant response an...
Ahrens, Allison M Ahmed, Omar J
Published in
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
Individuals differ widely in their drug-craving behaviors. One reason for these differences involves sleep. Sleep disturbances lead to an increased risk of substance use disorders and relapse in only some individuals. While animal studies have examined the impact of sleep on reward circuitry, few have addressed the role of individual differences in...
Selby, Danielle L Harrison, Amanda A Fozard, Therese E Kolokotroni, Katerina Z
Published in
Addictive behaviors
Incentive Sensitisation theory suggests wanting and liking are dissociable concepts, with wanting, but not liking typically increasing with repeated drug use. Wanting is associated with anticipation of reward, whereas liking relates to pleasure derived from consummatory behaviour. However, numerous studies have conceptualised liking as an anticipat...
Roughley, Stephanie Killcross, Simon
Published in
Psychopharmacology
Previous work has identified that different forms of Pavlovian conditioned approach, sign-tracking and goal-tracking, are governed by distinct neurochemical mechanisms when compared in animals predisposed to learning one form vs. the other. The present study aimed to investigate whether these are also neurochemically distinct processes in a populat...
Smedley, Elizabeth B. DiLeo, Alyssa Smith, Kyle S.
Published in
Neurobiology of learning and memory
Sign-tracking behavior, in which animals interact with a cue that predicts reward, provides an example of how incentive salience can be attributed to cues and elicit motivation. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) and ventral pallidum (VP) are two regions involved in cue-driven motivation. The VP, and NAc subregions including the medial shell and core, are...
Cieślak, Przemysław Eligiusz Rodriguez Parkitna, Jan
Published in
Behavioural brain research
Midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons play a crucial role in the formation of conditioned associations between environmental cues and appetitive events. Activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors is a key mechanism responsible for the generation of conditioned responses of DA neurons to reward cues. Here, we tested the effects of the cell type-sp...
Barker, Jacqueline M Taylor, Jane R
Published in
Physiology & behavior
Despite considerable evidence of higher rates of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in men than in women, there is a dearth of research into the underlying causes of this disparity. As the gap in high risk drinking between men and women closes, it is critical to disentangle the biological factors that may place men and women at different risk for the dev...
Soussignan, Robert Schaal, Benoist Jiang, Tao
Published in
Appetite
'Wanting' and 'liking' are mediated by distinct brain reward systems but their dissociation in human appetite and overeating remains debated. Further, the influence of socioemotional cues on food reward is little explored. We examined these issues in overweight/obese (OW/OB) and normal-weight (NW) participants who watched food images varying in pal...
Fitzpatrick, Christopher J Jagannathan, Lakshmikripa Lowenstein, Elijah D Robinson, Terry E Becker, Jill B Morrow, Jonathan D
Published in
Behavioural brain research
Exposure to prolonged, uncontrollable stress reduces reward-seeking behavior, resulting in anhedonia in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder. However, it is unclear to what degree stressed subjects lose interest in rewards themselves or in reward-related cues that instigate reward-seeking behavior. In the present study,...
