Hussain, Qinaat Feng, Hanqin Grzebieta, Raphael Brijs, Tom Olivier, Jake
Published in
Accident; analysis and prevention
Pedestrians struck in motorised vehicle crashes constitute the largest group of traffic fatalities worldwide. Excessive speed is the primary contributory factor in such crashes. The relationship between estimated impact speed and the risk of a pedestrian fatality has generated much debate concerning what should be a safe maximum speed limit for veh...
Yuan, Dongwei Luo, Yiping Peng, Yong
Published in
International Journal of Automotive Technology
In this study, the crash-worthiness of a regular Centurion 2M barrier, which is a type of portable water-filled barrier (PWFB), is evaluated under different collision conditions. A numerical model of the regular Centurion 2M barrier, consisting of a plastic shell and water, was developed and validated. The validity of the numerical model is demonst...
Yao, Lan
The phenomena relating to the fracture behaviour of ice under impact loading are common in civil engineering, for offshore structures, and de-ice processes. To reduce the damage caused by ice impact and to optimize the design of structures or machines, the investigation on the dynamic fracture behaviour of ice under impact loading is needed. This w...
Cheng, Yuk-Ki Wong, Koon-Hung Tam, Cheok-Ning Tam, Yiu-Yan Wong, Tai-Wai Tao, Chi-Hang
Published in
Forensic science international
A total of 11 real life vehicle/pedestrian collisions in 2012-2014 were captured by CCTV cameras/car cameras in Hong Kong. Some of the footage was recorded in HD format at 30 frames per second, enabling accurate determinations of impact speeds with pedestrians, exact points of impacts and final rest positions of pedestrians as well as kinematics of...
Kröyer, Höskuldur R.G. Jonsson, Thomas Várhelyi, András
Published in
Accident Analysis and Prevention
Models describing the relation between impact speed and fatality risk for pedestrians struck by a motor vehicle have frequently been used by practitioners and scientists in applying an S curve to visualize the importance of speed for the chance of survival. Recent studies have suggested that these risk curves are biased and do not give representati...
Svenson, Ola Eriksson, Gabriella Mertz, C.K.
Published in
Accident Analysis and Prevention
We investigated, using questionnaires, different strategies for removing drivers’ overoptimism (Svenson et al., 2012a) about how fast their speed could be decreased when they were speeding compared with braking at the speed limit speed. Three different learning groups and a control group made collision speed judgments. The first learning group had ...
Svenson, Ola Eriksson, Gabriella Gonzalez, Nichel
Published in
Accident Analysis and Prevention
The purpose of speed limits is to keep driving speed low enough for drivers to be able to pay attention to relevant information and timely execute maneuvers so that the car can be driven in a safe way and stopped in time. If a driver violates a speed limit or drives too fast she or he will not be able to stop as quickly as from a slower speed. We a...
Kwan, Maxine Andersen, Michael Skipper Cheng, Ching-Lung Tang, Wen-Tzu Rasmussen, John
Published in
Sports Engineering
The kinematics of a badminton racket during a smash stroke was observed in this study with the purpose of investigating stroke dynamics and racket behaviour. Motion capture measurements of the racket during several smash strokes performed by three players of different skill levels indicated a clear increase in racket velocity at impact with increas...
Rosén, Erik Stigson, Helena Sander, Ulrich
Published in
Accident Analysis and Prevention
The aim of this review was to evaluate all studies of pedestrian fatality risk as a function of car impact speed. Relevant papers were primarily investigated with respect to data sampling procedures and methods for statistical analysis. It was uniformly reported that fatality risk increased monotonically with car impact speed. However, the absolute...
Kong, Chunyu Yang, Jikuang
Published in
Accident Analysis and Prevention
A large number of pedestrian fatalities were reported in China since the 1990s, however the exposure of pedestrians in public traffic has never been measured quantitatively using in-depth accident data. This study aimed to investigate the association between the impact speed and risk of pedestrian casualties in passenger vehicle collisions based on...