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Recent advances in drug discovery efforts targeting the sigma 1 receptor system: Implications for novel medications desi...

Published in Addiction neuroscience

Psychiatric disorders characterized by uncontrolled reward seeking, such as substance use disorders (SUDs), alcohol use disorder (AUD) and some eating disorders, impose a significant burden on individuals and society. Despite their high prevalence and substantial morbidity and mortality rates, treatment options for these disorders remain limited. O...

Prevalence of fentanyl in methamphetamine and cocaine samples collected by community-based drug checking services.

Published in Drug and alcohol dependence

Overdose deaths involving stimulants and opioids simultaneously have raised the specter of widespread contamination of the stimulant supply with fentanyl. We quantified prevalence of fentanyl in street methamphetamine and cocaine, stratified by crystalline texture, analyzing samples sent voluntarily to a public mail-in drug checking service (May 20...

Distinct sub-second dopamine signaling in dorsolateral striatum measured by a genetically-encoded fluorescent sensor.

The development of genetically encoded dopamine sensors such as dLight has provided a new approach to measuring slow and fast dopamine dynamics both in brain slices and in vivo, possibly enabling dopamine measurements in areas like the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) where previously such recordings with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) were difficu...

Rewiring of Prelimbic Inputs to the Nucleus Accumbens Core Underlies Cocaine-Induced Behavioral Sensitization.

Published in Biological psychiatry

Unbalanced activity of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the direct and indirect pathways mediates reward-related behaviors induced by addictive drugs. Prelimbic (PL) input to MSNs in the nucleus accumbens core (NAcC) plays a key role in cocaine-induced early locomotor sensitization (LS). However, the adaptive plastic changes at PL-to-NAcC synapses un...

Role of Dysregulated Autophagy in HIV Tat, Cocaine, and cART Mediated NLRP3 Activation in Microglia.

Published in Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology

Despite the ability of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) to suppress viremia, there is persistence low levels of HIV proteins such as Transactivator of transcription (Tat) in the central nervous system (CNS), contributing to glial activation and neuroinflammation. Accumulating evidence also implicates the role of drugs of abuse in exacerbat...

Trends and outcomes of trauma patients positive to marijuana and cocaine.

Published in European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society

Substance misuse has long been recognized as a major predisposing risk factor for traumatic injury. However, there still exists no clear scientific consensus regarding the impact of drug use on patient outcomes. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the demographic profile, hospital-course factors, and outcomes of trauma patients based on their to...

Trends in cocaine and crystal methamphetamine injection over time in a Canadian setting between 2008 and 2018.

Published in Journal of substance use and addiction treatment

Unregulated stimulant use is rising globally, though trends in use of cocaine and crystal methamphetamine (CM), the two most commonly used unregulated stimulants in North America, are poorly characterized in many settings. In this study we examined patterns and associations between the injection of cocaine and CM over time in an urban Canadian sett...

Pre-injury stimulant use in isolated severe traumatic brain injury: effect on outcomes.

Published in European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of pre-injury stimulant use (amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine and/or ecstasy) on outcomes after isolated severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Retrospective 2017 TQIP study, including adult trauma patients (≥16 years old) who underwent drug and alcohol screening on admission and sustained an isolat...

Daily opioid and stimulant co-use and nonfatal overdoses in the context of social disadvantage: Findings on marginalized...

Published in Journal of substance use and addiction treatment

Opioids and stimulants are increasingly implicated in overdose deaths, particularly among minoritized groups. We examined daily opioid and cocaine co-use, nonfatal overdoses, and naloxone carrying among minoritized people who inject drugs (PWID). The study derived data from 499 PWID in Baltimore City, MD, recruited using street-based outreach betwe...