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Comparison of the Canadian and US Laws, Regulations, Policies, and Systems of Oversight for Animals in Research.

Published in ILAR journal

The Canadian and United States' approaches to oversight of animals in research are both based on the "3Rs" principles outlined in Russell and Burch's classic text, The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique. Each country seeks to protect the welfare of animals, while permitting the legitimate goals of scientific research to be attained accordi...

History, Philosophies, and Concepts of Animal Welfare

Published in Laboratory Animal Welfare

A sound understanding of laboratory animal welfare should be grounded in a general knowledge of some of the major events, organizations, and philosophies that have shaped how animals are used and cared for since the industrial revolution. This overview includes the evolution of animal protection and advocacy movements, the development of profession...

Alternative Methods in Developmental Toxicology

Published in Comprehensive Toxicology

The development of alternative assays in developmental toxicology has been an area of particular interest over the last three decades. These assays are aimed at improving mechanistic knowledge and at reducing animal experimentation in developmental toxicity hazard assessment. A wealth of assays have been developed which are briefly reviewed here. T...

Animals and alternatives: societal expectations and scientific need.

Published in Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA

As Russell and Burch suggested more than 40 years ago, the most humane science is the best science. The path ahead is clear: pain and distress must be eliminated in animal experiments or reduced to an absolute minimum, and, as scientists, we must use the most humane approaches in our research. To accomplish the best science, we must train those who...

Animal welfare. Congress clears way for rodent rules.

Published in Science (New York, N.Y.)

Rats, mice, and birds and the Animal Welfare Act.

Published in Kennedy Institute of Ethics journal

Animal research regulation at the crossroads.

Published in Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges

Why the US Department of Agriculture should be allowed to insist on inclusion of rodents and birds in the Animal Welfare...

Published in Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA

The injustice of excluding laboratory rats, mice, and birds from the Animal Welfare Act.

Published in Kennedy Institute of Ethics journal

A major shortcoming of the Animal Welfare Act is its exclusion of the species most-used in experimentation -- rats, mice, and birds. Considerations of justice dictate that extension of the law to these three species is the morally right thing to do. A brief history of how these species came to be excluded from the laws protecting laboratory animals...