Starting in 1969 and comprising three launches a week, the Uccle (Brussels, Belgium) ozonesonde dataset is one of longest and densest in the world. Moreover, as the only major change was the switch from Brewer-Mast (BM) to electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesonde types in 1997 (when the emissions of ozone-depleting substances peaked), th...
status: published
Assimilation of observational data from ground stations and satellites has been identified as a technique to improve air quality model results. This study is an evaluation of the maximum benefit expected from data assimilation in chemical transport models. Various tests are performed under real meteorological conditions; the injection of various su...
Clouds play a key role in radiation and hence O-3 photochemistry by modulating photolysis rates and light-dependent emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). It is not well known, however, how much error in O-3 predictions can be directly attributed to error in cloud predictions. This study applies the Weather Research and Forecasti...
Penicillium camemberti plays a major role in the flavor and appearance of Camembert-type cheeses. However, little is known about its mycelium growth kinetics during ripening. We monitored the growth of P. camemberti mycelium in Camembert-type cheeses using real-time PCR in 4 ripening runs, performed at 2 temperatures (8 and 16 degrees C) and 2 rela...
A generalised mechanistic model describing cheese mass loss during ripening in controlled conditions is proposed. It is based on two main processes occurring in the cheese rind: respiratory activity of the microbial consortia and water evaporation. The generalisation is based on (i) two different cheesemaking methods and cheese sizes (Camembert, a ...
To evaluate the effects of temperature and relative humidity (RH) on microbial and biochemical ripening kinetics, Camembert-type cheeses were prepared from pasteurized milk seeded with Kluyveromyces marxianus, Geotrichum candidum, Penicillium camemberti, and Brevibacterium aurantiacum. Microorganism growth and biochemical changes were studied under...
Regional chemistry-transport models are used for atmospheric composition studies in several contexts : analysis of past events, scenarios studies, trends or forecast. Modelled concentrations are sensitive to many inputs data like anthropogenic surface emissions of NOx, VOCs and particulate matter. These emissions are provided as annual masses of po...
Four gas-permeable wrapping films exhibiting different degrees of water permeability (ranging from 1.6 to 500 g/m(2) per d) were tested to study their effect on soft-mold (Camembert-type) cheese-ripening dynamics compared with unwrapped cheeses. Twenty-three-day trials were performed in 2 laboratory-size (18 L) respiratory-ripening cells under cont...
Respiratory activity, weight loss, and appearance of Camembert-type cheeses were studied during chamber ripening in relation to atmospheric composition. Cheese ripening was carried out in chambers under continuously renewed, periodically renewed, or nonrenewed gaseous atmospheres or under a CO(2) concentration kept constant at either 2 or 6% throug...
