Published in Journal of Artificial General Intelligence
In 2011, Hibbard suggested an intelligence measure for agents who compete in an adversarial sequence prediction game. We argue that Hibbard’s idea should actually be considered as two separate ideas: first, that the intelligence of such agents can be measured based on the growth rates of the runtimes of the competitors that they defeat; and second,...
In this thesis, a set of techniques for achieving ultra-precise synchronization is demonstrated to increase the temporal resolution of pump-probe experiments that combine accelerator-based THz sources with table-top laser systems. These techniques further enable comprehensive diagnostics of electron bunch properties and accelerator instabilities. T...
In the course of this thesis, Tb3+-doped fluoride and oxide materials have been investigated with regard to their properties as potential laser active materials with emission in the visible range. Main spectroscopic and laser investigations have been carried out in LiLuF4 and LiTbF4, KY3F10 and KTb3F10, BaY2F8, LaF3, and TbF3 as fluorides materials...
Future generations of optical wireless communication and sensing systems require compact, low-cost, reliable, and highly efficient light sources capable of transmitting modulated beams across free space at gigabit per second (Gbps) data rates and pulsed beams with sub-nanosecond rise and fall times. The infrared vertical cavity surface emitting las...
Inorganic CsPbX3 (X=Br,I) possess tunable band-gap energies and are a promising material system for functional layers in light-emitting diodes and for wide-gap absorbers in perovskite silicon tandem solar cells. Nevertheless, the available band-gap energies are limited by photo-induced halide phase segregation, a widely reported phenomenon that is ...
Excitation of neutral atoms is a well-known but not yet sufficiently investigated exit channel of the interaction of atoms with intense laser pulses. In early experiments, excitation was explained as the result of multiphoton resonances, usually enabled by the laser-induced Stark shift. Laser and atomic parameters of these experiments associate the...
Near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) is a powerful surface characterisation technique that combines the strengths of conventional XPS performed in ultra-high vacuum (UHV), with the ability to analyse samples in the presence of gases. This opens up a range of new possibilities in terms of which samples can be measured and...
In this thesis, optical investigations of AlGaN-based single quantum well (SQW) and multiple quantum well (MQW) structures and epitaxial layers are performed and discussed, with a strong focus on time-integrated and time-resolved, temperature- and excitation power density-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. A profound understanding of th...
Flavins are of great biological relevance, but little information is known about the isolated flavins. This dissertation deals with the electronic photodissociation spectroscopy of cryogenically cooled flavins. The optical spectra are recorded with a tandem mass spectrometer coupled to a cryogenic 22 - pole ion trap and an electrospray ionization s...
Active thermography is a thermal imaging technique that is mainly used in nondestructive testing. Invisible defects in materials, such as cracks or voids, can be detected by actively heating the surface of the material and using a thermal imaging camera. The diffusive nature of heat propagation causes blurring in the acquired thermal images and thu...
