Purpose of reviewDepression during the perinatal or antenatal period affects at least 1 in 10 women worldwide, with long term health implications for the mother and child. Concurrently, there is increasing evidence associating maternal exposure to per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to adverse pregnancy outcomes. We reviewed the body of evi...
At one time considered a possible form of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorder (NMOSD), it is now accepted that myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody (Ab)-associated disorder (MOGAD) is a distinct entity from either NMO or multiple sclerosis (MS) and represents a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes. Whereas Abs targeting aqua...
Salmonella translocate to the gut epithelium via microfold cells lining the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE). How Salmonella localize to the FAE is not well characterized. Here we use live imaging and competitive assays between wild-type and chemotaxis-deficient mutants to show that Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) loca...
IntroductionThe incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and obesity rise concomitantly. This study examined whether factors affecting metabolism, race/ethnicity, and sex are associated with AD development.MethodsThe analyses included patients ≥ 65 years with AD diagnosis in six University of California hospitals between January 2012 and October 2023....
Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) is linked to various immune diseases. Previously, we reported that serum LECT2 levels correlate with disease severity in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. To investigate the role of LECT2 in AD and elucidate its potential mechanisms, we used LECT2 to treat an AD mouse model induced by 1-Chloro-2,4-dinitrob...
Connexin hemichannels were identified as the first members of the eukaryotic large-pore channel family that mediate permeation of both atomic ions and small molecules between the intracellular and extracellular environments. The conventional view is that their pore is a large passive conduit through which both ions and molecules diffuse in a simila...
BACKGROUND: Recent advances have significantly expanded our understanding of the gut microbiome's influence on host physiology and metabolism. However, the specific role of certain microorganisms in gestational health and fetal development remains underexplored. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the impact of Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 on fetal...
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) is common and can cause significant disease in humans. Unfortunately, efforts to develop effective vaccines against HSV-1 have so far failed. A detailed understanding of how the virus infects its host and how the host mounts potent immune responses against the virus may inform new vaccine approaches. Here, using a zos...
Childhood-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with substantial psychiatric morbidity in later life, but it remains unknown whether these associations are due to common underlying biological mechanisms or the impacts of living with the condition and its treatment. Here, using Czech national register data, we identified children with T1...
Autophagy is a lysosome-based degradative process used to recycle obsolete cellular constituents and eliminate damaged organelles and aggregate-prone proteins. Their post-mitotic nature and extremely polarized morphologies make neurons particularly vulnerable to disruptions caused by autophagy– lysosomal defects, especially as the brain ages. Conse...
