Published in The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
Transsphenoidal surgery is an option for dogs and cats with functional and nonfunctional pituitary masses or other sellar and parasellar masses. An adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting tumor causing Cushing disease is the most common clinically relevant pituitary tumor in dogs, and the most common pituitary tumor seen in cats is a growth hormone-s...
Published in The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
Acute herniation of nondegenerate nucleus pulposus material is an important and relative common cause of acute spinal cord dysfunction in dogs. Two types of herniation of nondegenerate or hydrated nucleus pulposus have been recognized: acute noncompressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE) and acute compressive hydrated nucleus pulposus extrusion ...
Published in The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
Three-dimensional printing has evolved dramatically in recent years and is now available for clinical use. Technical operations of 2 of the most common rapid prototyping processes (stereolithography and fused deposition modeling) and the steps involved in the creation of a prototype are discussed. Current applications in human neurosurgery includin...
Published in The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
Discospondylitis can affect dogs of any age and breed and may be seen in cats. Although radiography remains the gold standard, advanced imaging, such as CT and MRI, has benefits and likely allows earlier diagnosis and identification of concurrent disease. Because discospondylitis may affect multiple disk spaces, imaging of the entire spine should b...
Published in The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
This article reviews definitions and normal anatomy and physiology of canine and feline cerebral vasculature. The pathophysiology of cerebrovascular disease (CVD), which results from disturbance of cerebral blood supply, is described, along with its common causes and correlative findings. The general clinical presentation of companion animals is de...
Published in The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
When traumatic wounds are quickly and accurately treated, morbidity and costs can be significantly decreased. Several factors, such as time delay between injury and treatment, the degree of contamination, extension and depth of the wound, and the mechanism of injury, influence the treatment and prognosis and stress the importance of a patient-speci...
Published in The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
Published in The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
The importance of initial wound classification and daily reevaluation of wound stage cannot be understated. Products available to enhance healing are categorized based on the stage of wound healing to which they exert their effects. After patient stability has been verified, thorough debridement is critical in order to create an environment conduci...
Published in The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
Total hip replacement (THR) is the gold standard treatment of intractable pain from hip dysplasia. THR procedures are divided into 2 main categories: cemented and cementless, with hybrid a combination. The Zurich Cementless THR system uses a combination of press-fit (acetabular component) and locking screw (femoral component) fixation designed to a...
Published in The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
High anion gap (AG) metabolic acidoses can be identified by a decrease in pH, decrease in HCO3- or base excess, and an increased AG. The AG represents the difference between unmeasured cations and unmeasured anions; it increases secondary to the accumulation of anions other than bicarbonate and chloride. The most common causes of high AG acidosis a...
