Mohapatra, Samar Ballabha Manoj, Narayanan
Published in
The Biochemical journal
Members of the glycoside hydrolase family 4 (GH4) employ an unusual glycosidic bond cleavage mechanism utilizing NAD(H) and a divalent metal ion, under reducing conditions. These enzymes act upon a wide diverse range of glycosides, and unlike most other GH families, homologs here are known to accommodate both α- and β-anomeric specificities within ...
Bassi, Roberto
Published in
The Biochemical journal
Xanthophylls are coloured isoprenoid metabolites synthesized in many organisms with a variety of functions from the attraction of animals for impollination to absorption of light energy for photosynthesis to photoprotection against photooxidative stress. The finding by Proctor and co-workers makes a new addition to the last type of functions by sho...
Fulcher, Luke J Sapkota, Gopal P
Published in
The Biochemical journal
Regarded as constitutively active enzymes, known to participate in many, diverse biological processes, the intracellular regulation bestowed on the CK1 family of serine/threonine protein kinases is critically important, yet poorly understood. Here, we provide an overview of the known CK1-dependent cellular functions and review the emerging roles of...
Kell, Douglas B Samanta, Soumitra Swainston, Neil
Published in
The Biochemical journal
The number of 'small' molecules that may be of interest to chemical biologists - chemical space - is enormous, but the fraction that have ever been made is tiny. Most strategies are discriminative, i.e. have involved 'forward' problems (have molecule, establish properties). However, we normally wish to solve the much harder generative or inverse pr...
Hussain, Nusrat Chuang, Sheng-Ju Johanns, Manuel Vertommen, Didier Steinberg, Gregory R Kemp, Bruce E Rider, Mark H
Published in
The Biochemical journal
Jung, Hunmin Rayala, Naveen Kumar Lee, Seongmin
Published in
The Biochemical journal
Nitrogen mustards are among the first modern anticancer chemotherapeutics that are still widely used as non-specific anticancer alkylating agents. While the mechanism of action of mustard drugs involves the generation of DNA interstrand cross-links, the predominant lesions produced by these drugs are nitrogen half-mustard-N7-dG (NHMG) adducts. The ...
Jung, Hunmin Hawkins, Michael Lee, Seongmin
Published in
The Biochemical journal
The exocyclic amines of nucleobases can undergo deamination by various DNA damaging agents such as reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and water. The deamination of guanine and adenine generates the promutagenic xanthine and hypoxanthine, respectively. The exocyclic amines of bases in DNA are hydrogen bond donors, while the carbonyl moiety gener...
Chen, Yujie Zhang, Wen Chen, Bin Liu, Ying Dong, Yuhui Xu, Aimin Hao, Quan
Published in
The Biochemical journal
The APPL (adaptor proteins containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine binding domain and a leucine zipper motif) family consists of two isoforms, APPL1 and APPL2. By binding to curved plasma membrane, these adaptor proteins associate with multiple transmembrane receptors and recruit various downstream signaling components. They are invo...
Katane, Masumi Nakasako, Kento Yako, Kanato Saitoh, Yasuaki Sekine, Masae Homma, Hiroshi
Published in
The Biochemical journal
Recent investigations have shown that multiple d-amino acids are present in mammals and these compounds have distinctive physiological functions. Free d-glutamate is present in various mammalian tissues and cells and in particular, it is presumably correlated with cardiac function, and much interest is growing in its unique metabolic pathways. Rece...
Higuchi, Kei Kopel, Jonathan J Sivaprakasam, Sathish Jaramillo-Martinez, Valeria Sutton, R Bryan Urbatsch, Ina L Ganapathy, Vadivel
Published in
The Biochemical journal
The Na+-coupled citrate transporter (NaCT/SLC13A5/mINDY) in the liver delivers citrate from the blood into hepatocytes. As citrate is a key metabolite and regulator of multiple biochemical pathways, deletion of Slc13a5 in mice protects against diet-induced obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Silencing the transporter suppresses hepatocellula...
